Infection - Antibacterials

Question 1

which antibitoic categories inhibit cell wall synthesis

a.B lactams and glycopeptides

b.Tetracyclines, aminoglycosides,Macrolides,Lincosamides

c.Quinolones,folate synthesis inhibitors, Nitroimidazoles, rifamycins

Answer 1

a.B lactams and glycopeptides

Question 2

what is the mode of action of B lactams and glycopeptides

a.inhibit cell wall synthesis
b. act on ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis
c.inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis

Answer 2

a.inhibit cell wall synthesis

Question 3

what group of antibiotics do cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams belong to?

a.B lactams
b.glycopeptides
c.tetracyclines
d.macrolides

Answer 3

a.B lactams

Question 4

what is the correct mode of action for B lactams eg penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams

a.inhibit cross linking of the peptidoglycan chain leading to weakened bacterial cell walls and lysis

b.bind to amino acids in the peptidoglycan chain blocking addition of new units

c.act on the ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis

d.inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis

Answer 4

a.inhibit cross linking of the peptidoglycan chain leading to weakened bacterial cell walls and lysis

Question 5

what is the correct mode of action for glycopeptides

a.inhibit cross linking of the peptidoglycan chain leading to weakened bacterial cell walls and lysis

b.bind to amino acids in the peptidoglycan chain blocking addition of new units

c.act on the ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis

d.inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis

Answer 5

b.bind to amino acids in the peptidoglycan chain blocking addition of new units

Question 6

what is the correct mode of action for tetracyclines, macrolides, aminoglycosides, lincosamides

a.inhibit cross linking of the peptidoglycan chain leading to weakened bacterial cell walls and lysis

b.bind to amino acids in the peptidoglycan chain blocking addition of new units

c.act on the ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis

d.inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis

Answer 6

c.act on the ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis

Question 7

what is the correct mode of action for rifamycins,quinolones ,nitroimidazoles and folate synthesis inhibitors

a.inhibit cross linking of the peptidoglycan chain leading to weakened bacterial cell walls and lysis

b.bind to amino acids in the peptidoglycan chain blocking addition of new units

c.act on the ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis

d.inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis

Answer 7

d.inhibit DNA/RNA synthesis

Question 8

what type of antibiotic is ciprofloxacin

a.B lactam
b.glycopeptide
c.quinolones
d.nitromidazole
e.tetracycline

Answer 8

c.quinolones

Question 9

what type of antibiotic is gentamicin

a.B lactam
b.aminoglycoside
c.quinolones
d.nitromidazole
e.tetracycline

Answer 9

b.aminoglycoside

Question 10

what type of antibiotic is clarithromycin

a.B lactam
b.aminoglycoside
c.quinolones
d.macrolide
e.tetracycline

Answer 10

d.macrolide

Question 11

what type of antibiotic is clindamycin

a.B lactam
b.aminoglycoside
c.lincosamide
d.macrolide
e.tetracycline

Answer 11

c.lincosamide

Question 12

what type of antibiotic is trimepthoprim

a.B lactam
b.aminoglycoside
c.lincosamide
d.macrolide
e.folate synthesis inhibitor

Answer 12

e.folate synthesis inhibitor

Question 13

what type of antibiotic is rifampcin

a.B lactam
b.aminoglycoside
c.lincosamide
d.rifamycin
e.folate synthesis inhibitor

Answer 13

d.rifamycin

Question 14

what type of antibiotic is metronidazole

a.B lactam
b.aminoglycoside
c.nitroimidazole
d.rifamycin
e.folate synthesis inhibitor

Answer 14

c.nitroimidazole

Question 15

which type of bacteria are resistant to glycopeptides as they cannot penetrate the outer membrane

a.gram positive
b.gram negative

Answer 15

b.gram negative

Question 16

microbes lacking the target for a antibiotic is known as

a.intrinsic resistance
b.extrinsic resistance
c.acquired resistance

Answer 16

a.intrinsic resistance

Question 17

microbes normally sensitive to a drug becoming resistant is known as

a.intrinsic resistance
b.extrinsic resistance
c.acquired resistance

Answer 17

c.acquired resistance

Question 18

how does production of Beta lactamses allow for resistance to b lactam antibiotics

a.inactivate the antibiotic
b. modify the target site of the drug
c.modify the drug so it cannot bind

Answer 18

a.inactivate the antibiotic

Question 19

how does production of Beta lactamses allow for resistance to b lactam antibiotics

a.inactivate the antibiotic
b. modify the target site of the drug
c.modify the drug so it cannot bind

Answer 19

a.inactivate the antibiotic

Question 20

5 main mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Answer 20

enzyme production
alteration of target sites
efflux pumps
alteration of outer membrane permeability
alteration of metabolic pathways

Question 21

what is the main resistance type to tetracyclines

a.enzyme production
b.target site alteration
c.efflux pumps
d.alteration of outer membrane permeability
e.alteration of metabolic pathways

Answer 21

c.efflux pumps

bacteria acquire membrane channels that actively pump the antibiotic out of the cell

Question 22

what is the main mechanism of resitance to B lactams in gram negative bacteria

a.enzyme production
b.target site alteration
c.outer membrane permeability alteration
d.efflux pumps
e.alteration to metabolic pathways

Answer 22

c.outer membrane permeability alteration

mutation in porin channel through which antibiotics enter the cell
reduced conc of antibiotic in the cell
in gram negatives

Question 23

If suspected sepsis when should antibiotics be initiated

a.within and hour of diagnosis
b.within a day of diagnosis
c.within a week of diagnosis

Answer 23

a.within and hour of diagnosis

IV antibiotics
and take blood culture

Question 24

which type of bacteria are the likely cause of cellulitis ?

a.gram positives
b.gram negatives

Answer 24

a.gram positives

staph aeureus and strep

Question 25

which type of bacteria are the likely cause of a UTI

a.gram positive
b. gram negative

Answer 25

b. gram negative eg e coli