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GERR > Physiology - Male Reproductive physiology > Flashcards

Physiology - Male Reproductive physiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main function of the testes

a.production of the male gamete
b.storage of the male gamete
c.production of male sex hormones

A

a.production of the male gamete
c.production of male sex hormones

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2
Q

where does spermatogenesis take place

a.seminiferous tubules
b.epididymis
c.testis
d.interstitial leydig cells

A

a.seminiferous tubules

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3
Q

what make up the accessory glands of the male reproductive tract

A

prostate
bulbourethral
seminal vesicles

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4
Q

what structure do the testes descend down during development so at birth they lie within the scrotum

a. inguinal canal
b.abdomen
c. pelvic brim
d. superior anterior iliac spines
e.pubic tubercule

A

a. inguinal canal

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5
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended testes

can lead to infertility and increased risk of cancer

treated by surgery

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6
Q

why are the testes external to the abdomen

a.decrease temp 2-3 degrees below core
b.decrease temp 5-7 degrees below core
c. decrease temp 1-2 degrees below core

A

a.decrease temp 2-3 degrees below core

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7
Q

what is the ideal temp of the testes

a.37 degrees
b. 35 degrees
c.32 degrees

A

c.32 degrees

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8
Q

which muscle alters the distance the scrotal sac hangs from the abdomen to conserve heat in cold conditions nd allow ventilation in hot conditions

a.levator ani
b.ileococcygeus
c.pubococcygeus
d.coccygeus
e.cremaster

A

e.cremaster

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9
Q

what should be avoided by males trying to concieve

A

hot baths
insulated athletic supporters

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10
Q

how many stages make up sperm formation

a.1
b.2
c.3
d.4

A

d.4

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11
Q

what are the diploid precursors to haploid gametes known as

a.spermatogonia
b.spermatids
c.spermatazoa

A

a.spermatogonia

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12
Q

where are the spermatagonium found

a.basal lamina of seminiferous tubules
b. lumen of seminiferous tubules
c.between epididymis and female genital tract

A

a.basal lamina of seminiferous tubules

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13
Q

spertmatogenesis

A

formation of haploid gametes (spermatids) from diploid precursors - spermatgonium

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14
Q

spermiogenesis

A

haploid gametes (spermatids) undergoing tructural changes to render them motile (spermatazoa)

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15
Q

spermiation

A

release of spermatazoa into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule

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16
Q

stages of sperm formation

A

spermatogenesis - spermatagonia -> spermatids

spermiogenesis -> spermtids -> spermatazoa

spermiation - spermatazoa -> lumen of tubules

capacitation - spermatazoa capable of fertilisation

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17
Q

when does sperm production begin

a.pre birth
b.birth
c.childhood
d.puberty

A

d.puberty

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18
Q

how do spermatagonia divide with one of the cells made eventually becoming a spermatazoa and the other left behind as a permanaent reserve

a,mitosis
b.meiosis

A

a,mitosis

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19
Q

what is formed from meiosis 1

a. primary spermatocyte
b.secondary spermatocytes
d.spermatids
c.spermatazoa

A

b.secondary spermatocytes (haploid n+ n per cell)

20
Q

what is formed from meiosis 2

a. primary spermatocyte
b.secondary spermatocytes
d.spermatids
c.spermatazoa

A

d.spermatids (n per cell haploid)

21
Q

which 3 processes do the spermatids undergo to become motile spermatazoa

a.spermeogenesis, spermiation, capacitation

b.spermatogenesis, spermiation, capacitation

c.spermiation, spermeogenesis and spermatogenesis

A

a.spermeogenesis, spermiation, capacitation

made from spermatogenesis

22
Q

which cell type nourish the developing sperm cell , phagocytoses old cells and protects the sperm from blood borne toxins

a.leydig
b.sertoli

A

b.sertoli

23
Q

what type of junctions are found between the sertoli cell and the basement membrane

a.tight
b.loose

A

a.tight

24
Q

which of these substances can pass through the sertoli cell barrier

a.proteins
b.steroids

A

b.steroids

25
Q

which cells secrete sperm into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule ( spermiation) along with tubule fluid

A
26
Q

where are the centrioles of the sperm found

a. head
b.neck
c.tail

A

b.neck

27
Q

where do sperm undergo capacitation

a.seminiferous tubule
b.epididymis
c. uterus

A

c. uterus

28
Q

which hormone released daily from the hypothalamus keeps the process of gamete formation and testosterone production ticking over

a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
b.FSH
c.LH
d.testosterone

A

a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone

29
Q

GRH is carried in the hypophyseal circulation until it reaches the anterior pituitary where it stimulates the release of..

a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
b.FSH
c.LH
d.testosterone

A

b.FSH
c.LH

30
Q

which cells does LH work on causing them to release testosterone

a.leydig
b.sertoli

A

a.leydig

31
Q

which cells does FSH work on acting with testosterone to promote spermatogenesis

a.leydig
b.sertoli

A

b.sertoli

32
Q

feedback control of male sex hormones is exterted by what acting directly on LH production and GRH production

a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
b.FSH
c.LH
d.testosterone

A

d.testosterone

and hormone inhibition of FSH production

33
Q

hat causes the male phenotype in utero , causing pre natal structural changes that result in the external male genitalia and devlops and maintains the male reproductive system

a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
b.FSH
c.LH
d.testosterone

A

d.testosterone

34
Q

what causes the male adolescent growth spurt and subsequent fusion of the epiphyses

a. Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
b.FSH
c.LH
d.testosterone

A

d.testosterone

35
Q

which nerves are activated in the erection reflex

a.parasympathetic dilator nerves

b.sympathetic constrictor nerves

A

a.parasympathetic dilator nerves

36
Q

drugs that ………….. NO and cyclic GMP are used in treatment of erectile dysfunction

a.increase
b.decrease

A

a.increase

37
Q

how many phases does ejaculation occur in?

a.1
b.2
c3
d.4

A

b.2

38
Q

what is the first phase of ejaculation, in which a symp nerve reflex stimulates nerves in the smooth muscle walls of the epididymis, vas deferens and acccessory glands, known as

a.emission
b.expulsion
c.capacitation

A

a.emission

39
Q

what type of nerve reflex stimulates nerves in the smooth muscle walls of the epididymis, vas deferens and acccessory glands to cause emission

a.sympathetic
b.parasympathetic

A

a.sympathetic

40
Q

which stage of ejaculation forms semen which is deposited in the urethra

a.emission
b.expulsion

A

a.emission

41
Q

which stage of ejaculation relies on reflex contraction of the skeletal muscle around the base of the penis

a.emission
b.expulsion

A

b.expulsion

42
Q

which muscle is mainly invlved in the sekeltal muscle reflex contractions at the base of the penis during expulsion

a.levator ani
b. corpus spongiosum
c.bulbocavernosus

A

c.bulbocavernosus

43
Q

which element of the semen contains frucotse , prostaglandin and semen clotting agents

a.fluid from seminal vesicle
b.prostate fluid
c.bulbulourethral gland mucous

A

a.fluid from seminal vesicle

44
Q

which element of the semen contains citrate and proteases to breakdown clotted semen

a.fluid from seminal vesicle
b.prostate fluid
c.bulbulourethral gland mucous

A

b.prostate fluid

PSA secreted - marker of prostate cancer

45
Q

which element of the semen helps lubricate the urethra

a.fluid from seminal vesicle
b.prostate fluid
c.bulbulourethral gland mucous

A

c.bulbulourethral gland mucous

GERR (53 decks)

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