PHYS Arteries, Arterioles & Blood Flow Distribution

Question 1

Hypertension

Answer 1

Consistently above 140/90

Question 2

Hypotension

Answer 2

Consistently below 100/60

Question 3

PP =

Answer 3

Pulse Pressure
SBP - DBP

Question 4

MAP =

Answer 4

Mean Arterial Pressure
DBP + 1/3 (PP)

Question 5

Significance of elastic nature & low arterial resistance

Answer 5

Flow of blood out of the heart is intermittent (due to valve closures), however, blood flow through body is continuous due to elastic arterial stretch.

Question 6

Factors enabling vasoconstriction/vasodilation of arterioles:

Answer 6

Metabolic control & myogenic mechanism

Question 7

Metabolic control of arterial diameter & blood flow

Answer 7

Increased metabolic activity -> increased adenosine -> increased CO2, H+, low O2 -> relaxation of smooth muscle cells -> increased blood flow

Question 8

Myogenic mechanism control of arterial diameter & blood flow

Answer 8

Response of smooth muscle cells surrounding arterioles to ensure constant blood supply by stretching or constricting…

Question 9

Classify control type corresponding to reactive hyperemia.

Answer 9

Local control.