CLIN ECGs

Question 1

What leads are bipolar?

Answer 1

LI, II, III

Question 2

List 12 ECG leads

Answer 2

6 limb leads (I, II, III) and 3 augmented limb leads (aVR, aVL, aVF) and 6 precordial leads (V1, V2 V3, V4, V5, V6).

Question 3

LI heart view

Answer 3

Left lateral

Question 4

aVL heart view

Answer 4

Left lateral

Question 5

V5 heart view

Answer 5

Left lateral

Question 6

V6 heart view

Answer 6

Left lateral

Question 7

LII heart view

Answer 7

Inferior

Question 8

LIII heart view

Answer 8

Inferior

Question 9

aVF heart view

Answer 9

Inferior

Question 10

V1 heart view

Answer 10

Anterior

Question 11

V2 heart view

Answer 11

Anterior

Question 12

V3 heart view

Answer 12

Anterior

Question 13

V4 heart view

Answer 13

Anterior

Question 14

sec small square

Answer 14

0.04s

Question 15

sec large square

Answer 15

0.2s

Question 16

Upward wave signifies

Answer 16

Depolarisation wave - moving towards +ve electrode.

Question 17

Downward wave signifies

Answer 17

Depolarisation wave - moving away +ve electrode.

Question 18

P wave

Answer 18

Atrial depolarisation/atrial systole

Question 19

P wave 1st part

Answer 19

R atrium depolarisation

Question 20

P wave 2nd part

Answer 20

L atrium depolarisation

Question 21

PR interval

Answer 21

Represents time from onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activation.

Question 22

QRS complex

Answer 22

Ventricular depolarisation/systole

Question 23

Q wave

Answer 23

Septal depolarisation

Question 24

R wave

Answer 24

Ventricular depolarisation

Question 25

S wave

Answer 25

Purkinje fibre depolarisation

Question 26

ST segment

Answer 26

Plateau phase of ventricular depolarisation

Question 27

T wave

Answer 27

Ventricular repolarisation/diastole

Question 28

QT interval

Answer 28

Interval from beginning of depolarisation to the end of repolarisation

Question 29

U wave

Answer 29

Late repolarisation of the Purkinje fibres @ ventricles

Question 30

Consistently long PR interval indicates...

Answer 30

First degree AV block

Question 31

Gradually lengthening PR interval until absent QRS complex indicates...

Answer 31

T1 second-degree AV block

Question 32

QRS absent without lengthening indicates...

Answer 32

T2 second-degree AV block

Question 33

QRS consistently absent indicates

Answer 33

Third degree AV block

Question 34

Rate calculation process for regular rhythm

Answer 34

300/big squares 1500/small squares

Question 35

Rate calculation process for irregular rhythm

Answer 35

1500/big squares btw 6 x R waves

Question 36

Regularly irregular saw-tooth appearance ECG indicates

Answer 36

Atrial flutter

Question 37

Regularly irregular with affected P waves on ECG indicates

Answer 37

Atrial ectopic

Question 38

Regular irregular with affected QRS complex on ECG indicates

Answer 38

Ventricular ectopic

Question 39

Irregularly irregular w/out P waves on ECG indicates

Answer 39

AF/VF

Question 40

Electrical axis combinations

Answer 40

o QRS positive in L1 and in aVF (normal axis) o QRS positive in L1, negative in aVF and positive in L2 (normal axis) o QRS positive in L1, negative in aVF and negative in L2 (left axis deviation) o QRS negative in L1 and positive in aVF (right axis deviation) o QRS negative in L1 and negative in aVF (North-West/No man’s land)

Question 41

Tall P wave on ECG indicates

Answer 41

R atrial hypertrophy

Question 42

Wide/notched P wave indicates

Answer 42

L atrial hypertrophy

Question 43

Pathologically deep Q waves on ECG indicates...

Answer 43

Hx MI

Question 44

ST elevation indicates...

Answer 44

Acute MI

Question 45

M shaped R waves in V1, V2 on ECG indicates...

Answer 45

RBBB

Question 46

M shaped R waves in V5, V6 on ECG indicates...

Answer 46

LBBB

Question 47

ECG findings consistent with left ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 47

(S wave depth in V1 or V2 + R wave height in V5 or V6 > 35mm /7 big squares)

Question 48

ECG findings consistent with right ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 48

(R wave height in V1 + S wave depth in V5 or V6 > 10 mm/2 big squares)

Question 49

Inverted T wave on ECG indicates...

Answer 49

Ischaemia