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Anatomy ICOM > Pharynx And Larynx > Flashcards

Pharynx And Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

CN IX fxn in pharynx/larynx

A
  1. Motor stylopharyngeus m.
  2. Sensory pharyngeal plexus
    A. Pharynx
    B. Tonsils
    C. Posterior 1/3 tongue (and teste)
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2
Q

CN X fxn in the pharynx/larynx

A 
1. Motor pharyngeal plexus
  A. Soft palate m.
  B. Pharyngeal constrictors
  C. Laryngeal muscles 
2. Sensory
  A. Larynx
  B. Epiglottis
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3
Q

CN V3 fxn in pharynx/larynx

A

Tense soft palate

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4
Q

Blood supply to the thyroid

A
  1. Common carotid -> superior thyroid a.

2. Thyrocervical trunk -> inferior thyroid

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5
Q

Venous drainage of thyroid

A

Superior, middle, and inferior thyroid v. -> internal jugular

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6
Q

Innervation of thyroid

A

Controlled hormonally

  1. Sympathetic: from superior cervical ganglia and some middle and inferior cervical ganglia -> vasomotor
  2. Parasympathetic: from laryngeal branch of vagus = minor role
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7
Q

Tonsils

A

Lymphatic tissue

  1. Protect airways
  2. Palatine tonsil
  3. Pharyngeal tonsil
  4. Lingual tonsil
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8
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Muscles all help open auditory tube

  1. Tensor veli palatini (CN V3)
  2. Levator veli palatini (CN X)
  3. Salpingopharyngeus (CN X)
  4. Superior pharyngeal constrictor
  5. Palatopharyngeus (CN X)
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9
Q

Oropharynx

A

Between soft palate and epiglottis
1. Uvula: off palatopharyngeus (CN X)
A. Separates nasopharynx and oropharynx
B. Gag reflex
1. Sensory CN IX
C. Voice intonations
2. Palatoglossus arch and muscle and palatopharyngeus arch and muscle off uvula
A. Elevate pharynx in swallowing
B. Depress soft palate in normal breathing and suckling
C. Tonsils between arches

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10
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Behind epiglottis

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11
Q

Pharyngeal muscles

A
  1. Superior constrictor
  2. Middle constrictor: off hyoid
  3. Inferior constrictor: off laryngeal arches
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12
Q

Deglutition

A

Swallowing
1. Tongue against hard palate
2. Tensor and levator veli palatini, palatopharyngeus, and superior constrictor -> lift soft palate and pharynx
A. Prevent food from going up
3. Entire pharynx moves up
4. Tongue pushes food back and down -> over epiglottis (pushing it down)
5. Pts w/o epiglottis still able to swallow because muscles and false vocal cords still cover trachea and guide food

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13
Q

Larynx innervation

A 
Branches of CN X
1. Superior laryngeal n.
  A. Internal: sensory above false vocal cords
  B. External: motor cricothyroid m.
2. Recurrent laryngeal n. 
  A. Sensory: below true vocal cords
  B. Motor: all other m. Of larynx 
3. Ventricle (variable): area between false and true vocal cords innervate by both
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14
Q

Laryngeal cartilages

A
  1. Epiglottis
  2. Thyroid cartilage (adam’s apple)
  3. Cricoid cartilage
  4. Arytenoid cartilage
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15
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A

Adam’s apple

1. Support for epiglottis and vocal apparatus thru attachments cricoid and arytenoid cartilages

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16
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

Signet ring shaped cartilage below thyroid

  1. Only one that forms complete ring
  2. Maintains potency of airway
17
Q

Arytenoid cartilage

A

Acts as lever that allows for vocal cord movement

18
Q

Laryngeal membranes

A
  1. Quadrangular: covers thyroarytenoid m.
    A. Forms tube shape upper trachea
  2. Cricothyroid: forms over true vocal lig -> true vocal fold
19
Q

Laryngeal openings

A
  1. Ventricle: space between false and true vocal folds
    A. Very big in mammals w/ loud calls
  2. Rima glottis: opening between true vocal cords
20
Q

Laryngeal joints

A

Synovial
1. Cricothyroid: between cricoid and thyroid cartilages
A. Anterior movement thyroid cartilage -> higher pitch
2. Cricoarytenoid: pivot joint between cricoid and arytenoid cartilages
A. Loosen/tighten and adduct/abduct vocal cords as rotate

21
Q

Laryngeal muscles

A
  1. Posterior cricoarytenoid
  2. Lateral cricoarytenoid
  3. Cricothyroid
  4. Thyroarytenoid
22
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid m.

A

Abduct vocal cords by rotating them outward

23
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoid m.

A

Adduct vocal cords

24
Q

Cricothyroid m.

A

Tenses and adducts vocal cords by acting on cricothyroid jt

25
Q

Thyroarytenoid m.

A

Relax vocal cords -> lower pitch

Anatomy ICOM (34 decks)

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