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Pharmocology > Pharmacologic Principles 2 > Flashcards

Pharmacologic Principles 2 Flashcards

1
Q

In general, take medication on empty stomach with a full glass of water ( ? min to ? hour before food or ?hours after food)

20, 30, 1, 2,

A

30
1
2

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2
Q

Drug is placed under the tongue

Sublingual or Buccal

A

Sublingual

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3
Q

Drug is placed between the cheek and gum

Sublingual or Buccal

A

Buccal

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4
Q

Do drugs absorb in the oral mucosa go to the GI tract or goes straight to General Circulation?

A

GC

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5
Q

The drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation via injections

PARENTERAL ROUT or Enteral

A

PR

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6
Q

Which stand for GI and Non GI

PARENTERAL ROUT or Enteral

A

PR Non GI

Gi E

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7
Q

Routes
Intravenous, Intramuscular/Subcutaneous/Intradermal,
Epidural

PARENTERAL ROUT or Enteral

A

PR

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8
Q

inhalation
Topical/Transdermal
Instillation (eye/ear/nose drops/sprays)

PARENTERAL ROUT or Enteral

A

PR

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9
Q

Where does the drug go now? What happens to the drug? = ?

Absorption or Distribution

A

Distribution

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10
Q

Lipid Soluble vs Water Soluble◦
Blood Brain Barrier, Placenta are

Protein Binding , or Permeability, or Circulation

A

Permeability

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11
Q

Free vs Bound Drug are

Protein Binding , or Permeability, or Circulation

A

Protein Binding

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12
Q

Diseases that alter circulation

Protein Binding , or Permeability, or Circulation

A

Circulation

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13
Q

Easily distribute into fatty tissues where they may store or concentrate
Have the potential to cross the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) and the Placenta

Lipid Soluble or Water Soluble

A

LS

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14
Q

Typically remain in highly vascularized spaces and can easily leave the body via elimination (urine!)

Lipid Soluble or Water Soluble

A

WS

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15
Q

Some drugs preferentially bind to protein/albumin Called “low or highly bound drugs“

A

highly

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16
Q

Drug is not bound to albumin
-can distribute into extravascular tissue to its intended target

Free or Bound drug

A

Free

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17
Q

Stuck to albumin, stays in the bloodstream
◦Cannot get to extravascular space and reach intended target

Free or Bound drug

A

Bound

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18
Q

Inactive or Active

Free Drugs

A

Active

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19
Q

Inactive or Active

Bound Drugs

A

Inactive

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20
Q

Lowly or highly protein bound drug= Phenytoin

A

Highly

21
Q

Vital organs like the heart, kidneys, liver, brain

Slow or Rapid

A

Rapid

22
Q

Muscle, skin, fat

Slow or Rapid

A

Slow

23
Q 
Metabolism/Biotransformation
Cytochrome P-450
Enzyme Induction
Enzyme Inhibition
Pro-Drug
First Pass Effect

Distribution or Metabolism

A

Metabolism

24
Q

The biochemical alteration of a drug

Distribution or Metabolism

A

Metabolism

25
Q

substrate= target drug

true or false

A

True

26
Q

What liver enzyme target drugs?

Pro-drugs or Cytochrome P-450

A

Cytochrome P-450

27
Q

Cytochrome P-450 target hydrophilc and polar drugs to covent into Lipophilic and non polar?

A

No its reversed

28
Q

Enzyme Induction and Enzyme Inhibition are apart of

Pro-drugs or Cytochrome P-450

A

Cytochrome P-450

29
Q

Enzyme Inhibition

Slow or Increase the livers metabolizing function?

A

slow

30
Q

Enzyme Induction

Slow or Increase the livers metabolizing function?

A

increase

31
Q

They are inactive drugs that becomes active once metabolized by liver

Pro-drugs or Cytochrome P-450

A

Pro Drugs

32
Q

Can Prodrugs help improve bioavailability?

A

Yes

33
Q

Liver damage is know as

ecchymosis or hepatotoxicity

A

hepatotoxicity

34
Q

0 to 35 units/L

ALT or AST

A

AST

35
Q

4 to 36 units/L

ALT or AST

A

ALT

36
Q

Liver damage occurs when ALT or AST elevates or decline

A

elevates

37
Q

The elimination of drugs from the body

Elimination or Metabolism

A

Elimination

38
Q

PRIMARY SITE OF ELIMINATION is Liver or Kidney?

A

Kidney

39
Q

Which is the filter of the Kidney?

Glomerulus or Hypothamus

A

Glomerulus

40
Q

What is muscle breakdown

Serum Creatinine or Glomerulus

A

Serum Creatinine

41
Q

Serum Creatine high is good or bad

Serum Creatine with fomula low is that good or bad

A

bad

bad

42
Q

The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response

Duration or Onset

A

Onset

43
Q

The time a drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response

Duration or Onset

A

Duration

44
Q

The plasma drug level below which therapeutic effects will not occur

Therapeutic Index/Range or Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC) or Toxicity

A

Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC)

45
Q

Enough drug present to produce therapeutic response, but not enough to be toxic

Therapeutic Index/Range or Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC) or Toxicity

A

Therapeutic Index/Range

46
Q

Plasma drug levels climb too high, toxicity occurs

Therapeutic Index/Range or Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC) or Toxicity

A

Toxicity

47
Q

The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body

Toxicity or Half life

A

HL

48
Q

How many half lives are their?

A

5

Pharmocology (36 decks)

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