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Dr. Omar's Deck of Secret Knowledge > Pharm: Chemo, Immuno, Tox > Flashcards

Pharm: Chemo, Immuno, Tox Flashcards

1
Q

6 mechanisms that cause Anticancer drug resistance

A

1) Increased DNA repair
2) Formation of trapping agents
3) Changes in target enzyme
4) Decreased activity of prodrugs
5) Inactivation of cancer drugs
6) Decreased drug accumulation

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2
Q

Drugs for AML

A

Cytarabine + idrarubicin or daunorubicin

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3
Q

Drugs for ALL

A

Prednisone, vincristine, asparaginase or anthracyclin + intrathecal methotrexate (if with CNS)

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4
Q

Drugs for CML

A

Imatinib mesylate, interferon

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5
Q

Drugs for Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

ABVD regimen: doxorubicin (A), Bleomycin, Vincristine, Dacarbazine, and prednisone

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6
Q

Drugs for NHL

A

CHOP regimen: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine (O), Prednisone

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7
Q

Drugs for Breast carcinoma

A

cytotoxic agents (?), tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole), trastuzumab

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8
Q

Drugs for Colon carcinoma

A

5-FU, leucoverin, oxaliplatin

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9
Q

Drugs for Ovarian carcinoma

A

Paclitaxel and carboplatin

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10
Q

Drugs for Pancreatic carcinoma

A

Gemcitabine, erlotinib

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11
Q

Drugs for Prostate carcinoma

A

GnRH agonist (leuprolide) or antagonist (abarelix) and androgen receptor antagonist (flutamide)

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12
Q

Drugs for Lung carcinoma

A

Carboplatin, paclitaxel, bevacizumab

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13
Q

Drugs for Prostate Carcinoma

A

PEB regimen: Cisplatin, etoposide, bleomycin

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14
Q

Rescue therapy for methotrexate

A

Leucovorin (folinic acid)

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15
Q

Rescue therapy for cyclophosphamide

A

Mesna (Mercaptoethanesulfonate)

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16
Q

Rescue therapy for doxorubicin

A

Dexrazoxane

17
Q

Rescue therapy for cisplatin

A

Amifostine + mannitol

18
Q

Log kill hypothesis

A

cytotoxic drugs kill a constant proportion of cells not a certain number.

19
Q

Types of alkylating agents

A 
Nitrogen mustards (chlorabucil, cyclophosphamide, mechlorethamine)
Nitrosoureas (carmustine, lomustine)
Alkyl sulfonates (busulfan)

Have alkylating activity (cisplatin, dacarbazine)

20
Q

MoA of Alkylating agents

A

CCNS

Alkylate nucleophilic groups particularly N7 guanine => abnormal base pairing and DNA strand damage

21
Q

Toxic breakdown product of cyclophosphamide

A

acrolein

22
Q

MoA of Procarbazine (used in NHL and brain tumors)

A

forms H2O2 generating free radicals that cause DNA strand scission

23
Q

Antimetabolites typically work against which 3 compounds?

A

Folic acid (methotrexate)
Purines (mercaptopurine, thioguanine)
Pyrimidines (fluorouracil, cytarabine, gemcitabine)

24
Q

Uses of methotrexate

A

Choriocarcinoma, leukemia, NHL, Primary CNS lymphoma, Breast cancer, Head and neck cancer, bladder cancer, RA, psoriasis, ectopic pregnancy

25
Q

SE of methotrexate

A

Bone marrow suppression, mucositis, crstalluria

26
Q

MoA of 5-FU

A

Inhibits thymidylate synthase = thymineless cell death

27
Q

Cytarabine vs. gemcitabine

A

C: Inhibits DNA polymerase
G: inhibits RNA reductase

28
Q

What phase are antimetabolites most active

A

S phase

29
Q

Types of Natural product anticancer drugs

A 
Vinca alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine)
Podophyllotoxins (etoposide, teniposide)
Taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel)
30
Q

Mechanism of action of Vinca alkaloids

A

Prevents microtubule spindling (therefore, it acts on the M phase)

31
Q

Drug for Kaposi Sarcoma

A

Vinblastine

32
Q

Drug for Wilm’s tumor and Neuroblastoma

A

Vincristine

33
Q

Types of Antitumor antibiotics

A

Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idrarubicin, mitoxantrone)
Bleomycin
Mitomycin

34
Q

What anti-cancer drugs cause dose dependent cardiomyopathy

A

Anthracyclines

35
Q

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

A

Imatinib

36
Q

Monoclonal antibody versus her2/neu (+) breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

37
Q

MAB versus VEGF

A

Bevacizumab

38
Q

Treatment of Hairy cell leukemia

A

Interferon

Dr. Omar's Deck of Secret Knowledge (57 decks)

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