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Dr. Omar's Deck of Secret Knowledge > Microbiology and Parasitology > Flashcards

Microbiology and Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of septicemia in children with sickle cell disease.

A

Salmonella cholerasuis

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2
Q

Name 5 catalase-(+) organisms. Name condition which predisposes patients to infections with these pathogens.

A 
Mnemonic: SPACE.
Staphylococcus
Pseudomonas 
Aspergillus
Candida
Enterobacter

Chronic granulomatous disease

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3
Q

Bacillus anthracis/cereus.

Which is an obligate aerobe?
Which is a facultative anaerobe?

A

B. cereus is an obligate aerobe.

B. anthracis is a facultative anaerobe.

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4
Q

Staphylococcus aureus would exhibit which pattern of hemolysis on blood agar? What is the characteristic appearance of the colonies?

A

B-hemolytic.

Yellow or golden colonies

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5
Q

Causes of heterophil-negative mononucleosis

A

Toxoplasma

CMV

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6
Q

Most common cause of CNSi in AIDS

A

Toxoplasma gondii

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of cor pulmonale in Filipino children?

A

Schistosoma japonicum

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9
Q

Red tide occurs during which months.

A

All months without R

May, June, July, August

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10
Q

Reiter’s syndrome associated with which infections.

A 
Chlamydia trachomatis - most common
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia
Campylobacter
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13
Q

Filipinos are most prone to this fungal infection

A

Coccidioides imitis

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14
Q

What cell is made immortal by EBV, making it one of the most oncogenic human viruses

A

B cell

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15
Q

Which is the more common hookworm in our country?

A

Necator americanus

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16
Q

A gardener pricked his finger on rose thorn and contracted a fungal infection. What is the characteristic finding on biopsy?

A

Asteroid body.

Sporotrichosis.

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17
Q

Most common cause of meningoencephalitis in HIV

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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18
Q

Most common AIDS-defining illness

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

  1. Esophageal candidiasis
  2. Wasting syndrome / Kaposi sarcoma
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19
Q

Superficial fungal infection that causes dark brown to black painless patches on the soles of the hands and feet

A

Tinea nigra

Exophiala werneckii

20
Q

Most common viral cause of mental retardation

A

CMV

21
Q

2nd smallest DNA virus

1st?

A

2nd: papovavirus
1st: parvovirus

22
Q

Only DNA virus to use reverse transcriptase with mRNA as a template

A

Hepa b

23
Q

Disease entity with obstructive jaundice and painful pharyngitis

A

Halzoun due to fasciola hepatica

24
Q

Where does primary replication of acute varicella occur?

A

Liver and spleen.

Dorsal root ganglion are affected in later and latent disease.

25
Q

All enveloped viruses acquire their envelope from the plasma membrane except:

A

Herpesvirus

26
Q

All viruses are haploid except:

A

Retroviruses

27
Q

Roseola is caused by:

A

Human herpesvirus 6

28
Q

Helminth with a Chinese lantern like egg

A

Trichuris trichuria

29
Q

What helminth passes through the lungs to enter the GI tract?

A

Necator
Ancyclostoma
Strongyloides

Skin-Circulation-Lungs-pharynx-GI tract

30
Q

Most common cause of corneal blindness in the US.

Treatment?

A

HSV1 keratitis.

Trifluridine

31
Q

Protected by host derived nurse cells in skeletal muscle

A

Trichenella spiralis

32
Q

Most common cause of aseptic meningitis

A

Enteroviruses (coxsackie, echo, polio, hepatitis A)

33
Q

Negative strand RNA viruses

A

Always bring polymerase or fail replication.

Arenavirus
Bunyavirus
Paramyxoviridae 
Orthomyxoviridae
Filovirus
Rhabdovirus
34
Q

Only known acute transforming virus that is non-defective

A

Rous sarcoma virus

35
Q

Most common cause of epidemic encephalitis

A

Japanese B virus

36
Q

Mechanism of the following toxins:

  1. Shiga
  2. Heat labile enterotoxin
  3. Heat stable enterotoxin
  4. Pseudomonas exotoxin A
A

1 and 4 have a similar mechanism.
Inhibit protein synthesis by inactivating 60s.
Adenine removed from rRNA

Shiga ako! Alis adenine!

HL activates cAMP to increase chloride secretion
HS activates cGMP to decrease resorption
Labile in the Air, Stable in the Ground

37
Q

Mechanism of toxins

  1. Cholera
  2. Pertussis
A

Both over activate adenylyl cyclase

  1. Causes activation of Gs; Cause Cl secretion
  2. Causes inactivation of Gi; impairs phagocytosis
38
Q

Which staphylococcus species is beta hemolytic?

A

Staph aureus

39
Q

PYR test is positive for these two organisms

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

Group D

40
Q

Mechanism of toxin action

B cereus HS vs HL

A

HS enterotoxin
ADP ribosylation to increase cAMP

HL exotoxin
Super antigen

41
Q

H flu requires factor x and factor v? What are these factors?

A

Factor V: NAD+

Factor X: Hemin

Dr. Omar's Deck of Secret Knowledge (57 decks)

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