PES Flashcards
Heart sound: S1
tricuspid and mitral valve closure
Heart sound: S2
pulmonary and aortic valve closure
Heart sound: S3
End of rapid ventricular filling
Heart sound: S4
High atrial pressure or stiff ventricle
Pectus excavatum
sternum depressed
Pectus carinatum
Sternum protruding
Lateral decubitus
Pt rolled on left side
Flow through open abnormal structure during systole
Aortic Stenosis (Insufficiency)
Best heard at aortic
Aortic Stenosis (Insufficiency)
Mid systolic murmur, crescendo-decrescendo, blowing in quality
Aortic Stenosis (Insufficiency)
Radiates to R carotid a
Aortic Stenosis (Insufficiency)
Flow through structure that should be closed during systole
Mitral regurgitation
Best heard at apex
Mitral regurgitation
Holosystolic (S1 –> S2), high pitched
Mitral regurgitation
Radiates to left axilla
Mitral regurgitation
Flow through open abnormal structure during diastole
Mitral stenosis
Mid diastolic, opening snap with low pitched rumble
Mitral stenosis
No radiation
Mitral stenosis
Flow through structure that should be closed during diastole
Aortic regurgitation (insufficiency)
Early diastolic, high pitched, blowing
Aortic regurgitation (insufficiency)
Best heart at pulmonary
Aortic regurgitation (insufficiency)
Radiates down left sternal border
Aortic regurgitation (insufficiency)
Best heart at apex w/ pt on L side w/ bell
Mitral stenosis
Schamroth’s Sign
No diamond shape when fingers put together = clubbing
Increased fremitus
–> consolidation of lung (pneumonia)
Decreased fremitus
–> pneumothorax, pleural effusion, emphysema
Cullen’s sign
bluish perumbilical discoloration –> intraabdominal bleeding
