Limbic System Flashcards
Caudal system involved in ____
Memory
Visuospatial function
Rostral system of limbic system involved in ___
emotion
Anatomic systems involved in rostral limbic system: (5)
Olfactory system Insula Amygdala Anterior cingulate cortex Medial frontal cortex
Letinculostriate arteries supply (3)
Striatum
Globus pallidus
Internal capsule
Piriform cortex =
Fuction:
Uncus + amygdala + anterior parahippocampal gyrus
Olfaction
Lateral olfactory striae terminate in:
Piriform cortex
Medial striae terminal in:
Septal region
Anterior hypothalamus and anterior commissure
Insular cortex is involved in:
Taste
Experience of visceral pain
Affective/emotional qualities of taste, odor emotive sounds, visceral and somatic pain
Pleasant sensations
Pain centers: (4)
Postcentral gyrus: somatotopic location of somatic pain
Short gyri of insula: Emotional aspect of somatic and visceral pain
Amygdala: additional target for direct viscerosomatic pain signals
Periaqueductal gray area (PAG): additional target for direct viscerosomatic pain signals –> defensive behavior and main modulation
PAG as a pain center is important for:
defensive behavior and pain modulation
Major functions of amygdala: (4)
- Associative learning involving emotional stimuli
- Recognition of emotional stimuli
- Emotional responses
- Control of sexual behavior
Only component of amygdala that sends axons back to cortex
Basal and lateral component of amygdala
Receives majory of cortical inputs to amygdala
Basal and lateral component of amygdala
Sends axons to striatal structures (caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, central component of amygdala)
Basal and lateral component of amygdala
Power source of input to basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
Basal and lateral component of amygdala
Basal component of amygdala involved in:
association between emotive stimuli and neutral stimuli are made
Amygdala connections back to cortex are involved in:
generating recognition
Amygdala connections to striatum (central component) are involved in:
execution of emotive responses
Central component involved in:
learning and expression of emotional behaviors (fear conditioning)
Generate stereotypic responses to unpleasant/threatening stimuli
Corticomedial component of amygdala has a strong connection with:
Involved in:
Olfactory system and medial hypothalamus
Sexually dimorphic
Sexual behavior
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
Signs: (5)
Classic syndrome associated with amygdala
- Psychic blindness: inability to detect emotional/social significance
- Hypersexuality
- Lack of fear
- Hyperorality
- Memory and learning deficits
Infralimbic cortex involved in:
sadness and effects of anti-depressants
2 components of parahippocampal gyrus
Entorhinal cortex: Organizing spatial information
Perirhinal cortex: multimodal memory storage area
Hippocampus involved in:
Spatial and contextual memory
Episodic memory: recall familiar personal events
Object related information
Lesion to anterior part of cingulate cortex results in:
Loss of social embarrassment
Posterior part of cingulate involved in:
Self-reference
Retrosplenial area involved in:
representing spatial or context-dependent memory
Lesion to retrosplenial area of cingulate cortex results in:
loss of ability to navigate
Can’t place themselves in environmental context
Regions involved in psychomotor epilepsy (4)
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Medial temporal lobe
Insula
Symptoms of psychomotor epilepsy
Hallucination
Abnormal olfactory, taste, sexual sensation
Abnormal stereotypic movements of tongue, face, jaw
Amnesia
Aggression
Infects only the limbic system, especially the temporal lobe
Herpes simplex virus
Autism is a dysfunction in ____
cingulate and limbic striatum
Alzheimer’s disease involves degeneration of ____
Parahippocampal gyrus (early) Hippocampus, amygdala
