Organization of Brainstem

Question 1

Rhombencephalon forms the ____ and ____

Answer 1

Medulla and pons

Question 2

Mesencephalon forms the ___

Answer 2

Midbrain

Question 3

Pontine tegmentum
Location:
Contains:

Answer 3

Dorsally in pons

Cranial nerve nuclei associated w/ pons and major ascending and descending tracts

Question 4

Basis pontis
Location:
Contains:

Answer 4

Ventrally in pons

Deep pontine nuclei, pontocerebellar fibers, corticofugal tracts

Question 5

Ependymal layer of developing neural tube =

Answer 5

lining of ventricles

Question 6

Mantle layer of developing neural tube =

Answer 6

gray matter

Question 7

Marginal layer of developing neural tube =

Answer 7

white matter

Question 8

General somatic afferent =

CN:

Answer 8

pain, temp, touch, proprioception from skin and deep tissues, muscles, joints
CN 5, a little 7, 9, 10

Question 9

General visceral afferent =

CN:

Answer 9

Sensory information from organs including visceral nociceptors, mechanoreceptors, specialized receptor structures (carotid body)
CN 9, 10

Question 10

General somatic efferent =

CN:

Answer 10

Innervation of most skeletal muscles

CN 3, 4, 5 (ocular motility), 12 (tongue motility)

Question 11

General visceral efferent =

CN:

Answer 11

Parasympathetic/sympathetic pre- and postganglionic neurons
Secretomotor, vasomotor, cardiomotor, smooth muscle, glands, adrenal medulla
CN 3, 7, 9, 10

Question 12

The only head muscles that are innervated by CNs but NOT derived from brachial arch mesenchyme are ____ and ___

Answer 12

Tongue and eye muscles

Question 13

Branchial arch 1 gives rise to ____ nerve that innervate ____

Answer 13

CN V3

mm. of mastication

Question 14

Branchial arch 2 gives rise to ____ nerve that innervate ____

Answer 14

CN 7

mm. of facial expression

Question 15

Branchial arch 3 gives rise to ____ nerve that innervate ____

Answer 15

CN 9

stylopharyngeus m.

Question 16

Branchial arch 4 gives rise to ____ nerve that innervate ___

Answer 16

CN 10

cricothyroid m.

Question 17

Branchial arch 6 gives rise to ____ nerve that innervate ____

Answer 17

CN 10

Intrinsic mm of laryngeal

Question 18

Occipital somites give rise to ___ nerve that innervate ___

Answer 18

CN 12

Tongue mm.

Question 19

Pro-otic somites give rise to ___ nerves that innervate ___

Answer 19

CN 3, 4, 6

Extraocular mm.

Question 20

Special visceral efferent (SVE) =

CN:

Answer 20

Innervation of head and neck muscles derived from branchial arches 
CN V3: mm. of mastication
CN 7: mm. of facial expression 
CN V3, 7: middle ear
CN V3, 10: palatal
CN 10, 11: pharyngeal
CN 10: laryngeal mm.

Question 21

Special visceral afferent (SVA) =

CN:

Answer 21

restricted to taste
CN 7, 9, 10
NOT V3 b/c it goes through GSA

Question 22

Special somatic afferent (SSA) =

CN:

Answer 22

Detection of vestibular and auditory stimuli by specialized hair cell receptors in the inner ear.
CN 8