Inflammatory Response

Question 1

5 Steps of Inflammatory Response

Answer 1

1. Recognition of injurious agent
2. Recruitment of leukocytes
3. Removal of agent
4. Regulation (control of response)
5. Resolution (repair)

Question 2

Extrinsic source of catalytic enzymes causes _____

Answer 2

Liquefactive necrosis

Question 3

Intrinsic source of catalytic enzymes causes _____

Answer 3

Coagulative necrosis

Question 4

What type of necrosis?
Cells aggregate of amorphous granular pink material
No tissue architecture, no cell outlines
Enclosed by distinctive border of inflammatory cells

Answer 4

Caseous necrosis

Question 5

Type of extravascular fluid:

Low protein content, few cells

Answer 5

Transudate

Question 6

Type of extravascular fluid:

Increased hydrostatic pressure w/o associated increased vascular permeability

Answer 6

Transudate

Question 7

Type of extravascular fluid:

Predominantly albumin

Answer 7

Transudate

Question 8

Type of extravascular fluid:

high protein content, some white and red cells

Answer 8

Exudate

Question 9

Type of extravascular fluid:

Increased vascular permeability

Answer 9

Exudate

Question 10

Type of extravascular fluid:

Irrespective of flow or pressure

Answer 10

Exudate

Question 11

Type of extravascular fluid:

Associated inflammatory cells and cellular debris

Answer 11

Exudate

Question 12

Cytokines in acute inflammation

Answer 12

TNF, IL-1, IL-6, chemokines

Question 13

Cytokines in chronic inflammation

Answer 13

INF-gamma, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12

Question 14

Classically activated macrophages produce:

Answer 14

INF-gamma

Pro-inflammatory

Question 15

Alternatively activated macrophages are induced by:

Answer 15

IL-13, IL-4 made by T cells

Question 16

Alternatively activated macrophages produce:

Answer 16

Anti-inflammatory pathway

Question 17

Anti-inflammatory mediators

Answer 17

Lipoxin
NO
IL-10, TGF-beta

Question 18

Initiating cytokines of stable tissues:

Answer 18

TNF, IL-6

Question 19

Mediated GF of stable tissues:

Answer 19

HGF, EGF, TGF-alpha

Question 20

Mediating GF of fibrogenesis:

Answer 20

TGF-beta**
PDGF
FGF
IL-1, IL-13

Question 21

Granulation tissue

Answer 21

highly vascular tissue composed of small vessels, fibroblasts, few inflammatory cells

Question 22

Granuloma

Answer 22

Inflammation characterized by epitheloid macrophages and giant cells

Question 23

Fibrous

Answer 23

Containing fibroblasts and collagen

Question 24

Fibrinous

Answer 24

Contain fibrin, insoluble protein derived from fibrinogen

Question 25

Metalloproteinases (MMPs)

Produced by ____

Answer 25

Degrades collagen

Fibroblasts, leukocytes, some epithelial cells