Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Undeleted > deck_3556451 > Flashcards

deck_3556451 Flashcards

1
Q

Progesterone A is mostly a transcripitional (activator/repressor)

A

activator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Progesterone B is mostly a transcripitional (activator/repressor)

A

repressor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cross reacts with other steroid receptors more than natural progesterone

A

Norethindrone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Used in combination type contraceptives

A

Norethindorne Ethinyl estrodiol (most common)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_____: progestin with enhanced activity as minoeralocorticoid (agonist/antagonist) and androgen (agonist/antagonist)

A

Drospirenone (oral)AntagonistAntagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

____: selective progesterone receptor modulator (PRM) Used for: ___

A

Ulipristal (oral)Can be agonist or antagonist, depending on tissue Post sex contraceptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

____: Progesterone antagonistUsed for abortions

A

Minfepristone (oral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Estrone sulfate (oral) used in ___

A

hormone replacement therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

1st non-steroidal estrogens No longer in useBad side effects of offspring and mothers

A

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Environmental contaminant with estrogen-like effects

A

Bisphenol A (BPA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tamoxifen (oral)

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)Agonist or antagonist depending on tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Contraception

A

ProgestinsEstrogensProgesterone receptor modulator (PRM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

A

ProgestinsEstrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Replacement therapy

A

ProgestinsEstrogensSelective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ovulation inductions

A

Estrogen antagonistsAromatase inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Breast cancer therapy

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)Aromatase inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Abortion

A

Progesterone antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Continuous administration of progestin as contraceptive agents Oral (daily) (2)

A

NorethindroneNorgestrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

IM injections (every 3 months) of progestins as contraceptive agents

A

Medroxyprogesterone acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Subcutaneous implants (every 3 years) of progestins as contraceptive agents

A

Etongestrel Most effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

IUDs (every 1-5 years) of progestins as contraceptive agents

A

NorethidroneNorgestrel Most effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mechanisms of action of progestins (2)

A
  1. Decrease amount and increase viscosity of cervical mucus –> Prevent fertilization b/c sperm can’t reach egg2. Inhibit gonadotropin secretion –> Prevent ovulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Oral preparation of progestins + estrogens as contraceptive agents contain:

A

Norethidrone or drospirenone (progestin)Ethinyl estradiol (estrogen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Mechanisms of action of progestins + estrogens (2)

A
  1. Inhibit hypothalamus and pituitary –> prevent ovulation2. Progestins: Decrease amount and increase viscosity of cervical mucus –> Prevent fertilization b/c sperm can’t reach egg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Efficacy of combination-type contraceptives is reduced by: (2)

A
  1. Rifampin family of antibiotics 2. Anticonvulsants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Postcoital contraceptives contain:

A

2-4x the amount of progestins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Mechanism of action of postcoital contraceptives (non prescription)

A

Inhibitory effect of progesterone on gonadotropin secretion but using high dosesOnly if ovulation has not occurred prior to unprotected intercourse, must be taken before LH surge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Postcoital contraceptive more effective than norgestrel and maintains efficacy for longer times, 5 days after unprotected intercourse

A

ELLA: selective progesterone receptor modulator, PRM (ulipristal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Mechanism of action of postcoital contraceptive (prescription)

A
  1. Antagonist of progesterone receptor in granulosa cells: progesterone action on granulosa cell progesterone receptor is essential for follicular rupture (ovulation) 2. Agonist of progesterone receptor in hypothalamus and pituitary –> delays LH surge by mimicking inhibitory actions of progesterone on gonadotropin secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

____ used to suppress hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in treatment of dysmenorrhea and endometriosis

A

Progestins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

____ used as replacement therapy in ovarian dysfunction

A

Progestin/estrogen combinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

____ used as replacement therapy for treatment of postmenopausal symptoms and postmenopausal osteoporosis

A

Progestin/estrogen combinations Lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Agonist or antagonist in bone?Estradiol

A

Agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Agonist or antagonist in breast?Estradiol

A

Agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Agonist or antagonist in CV system?Estradiol

A

Agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Agonist or antagonist in endometrium?Estradiol

A

Agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Agonist or antagonist in vaginal epithelium?Estradiol

A

Agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Agonist or antagonist in bone?Clomiphene/Fulvestrant

A

Antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Agonist or antagonist in breast?Clomiphene/Fulvestrant

A

Antagonist

40
Q

Agonist or antagonist in CV system?Clomiphene/Fulvestrant

A

Antagonist

41
Q

Agonist or antagonist in endometrium?Clomiphene/Fulvestrant

A

Antagonist

42
Q

Agonist or antagonist in vaginal epithelium?Clomiphene/Fulvestrant

A

Antagonist

43
Q

Agonist or antagonist in bone?Tamoxifen

44
Q

Agonist or antagonist in breast?Tamoxifen

A

Antagonist

45
Q

Agonist or antagonist in CV system?Tamoxifen

46
Q

Agonist or antagonist in endometrium?Tamoxifen

47
Q

Agonist or antagonist in vaginal epithelium?Tamoxifen

48
Q

Agonist or antagonist in bone?Raloxifene

49
Q

Agonist or antagonist in breast?Raloxifene

A

Antagonist

50
Q

Agonist or antagonist in CV system?Raloxifene

51
Q

Agonist or antagonist in endometrium?Raloxifene

52
Q

Agonist or antagonist in vaginal epithelium?Raloxifene

53
Q

Agonist or antagonist in bone?Ospemifene

54
Q

Agonist or antagonist in breast?Ospemifene

A

Antagonist

55
Q

Agonist or antagonist in CV system?Ospemifene

56
Q

Agonist or antagonist in endometrium?Ospemifene

57
Q

Agonist or antagonist in vaginal epithelium?Ospemifene

58
Q

Agonist or antagonist in bone?Bazedoxifene

59
Q

Agonist or antagonist in breast?Bazedoxifene

A

Antagonist

60
Q

Agonist or antagonist in endometrium?Bazedoxifene

A

Antagonist

61
Q

Agonist or antagonist in vaginal epithelium?Bazedoxifene

62
Q

Clomiphene is used to ____. It is a ____.

A

Induced ovulation Estrogen receptor antagonist

63
Q

When clomiphene is given in early stages of follicular phase of menstrual cycle, _____

A

prevent the early inhibitory effects of estrogen on gonadotropin secretion –> enhance stimulatory effect of endogenous estrogens on gonadotropin secretion during periovulatory period

64
Q

Raloxifene is a ____.Used as estrogen agonist in ____Antagonist in ____

A

SERM Bone: postmenopausal symptoms, osteoporosisBreast: estrogen dependent breast cancer

65
Q

____ has the advantage as a SERM by not being an agonist in endometrium. Does not stimulate endometrial proliferation.

A

Raloxifene

66
Q

____: Approved for treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women.Agonistic effects on vaginal epithelium.

A

Ospemifene

67
Q

____: Approved for treatment of postmonopausal symptoms (Agonistic/antagonistic) effects on bone and (agonistic/antagonistic) effect on breast and endometrium

A

BazedoxifeneAgonisticAntagonistic

68
Q

____: inhibit conversion of androgens to estrogens.Used for: (2)

A

Aromatase inhibitors1. Treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women2. Induce ovulation

69
Q

Steroidal aromatase inhibitor

A

Exemestane

70
Q

Non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor

A

Anastrozole

71
Q

____: progesterone receptor antagonistUsed for: (3)

A

RU486, mifepristone 1. Abortions (followed by oral prostaglandin agonist to induce uterine contractions) 2. Postcoital contraception: antagonizes progesterone actions everywhere, including endometrium 3. Glucocorticoid antagonist: treatment of Cushing’s and type 2 diabetes

72
Q

Testosterone is metabolize to ____ by ____

A

Dihydrotestosterone5-alpha-reductase

73
Q

Testosterone analogs (2) that are modified at C17. Can be taken orally.

A
  1. methyltestosterone (-OH)2. danazole (C triple bond)
74
Q

Testosterone esters administered ____

A

intramuscularly

75
Q

Testosterone administered ____ (2)

A
  1. transdermally2. buccal tablets
76
Q

____ effective when given orally but have more side effects, especially hepatic toxicity.

A

17 alpha-alkylated androgens (Danazol)

77
Q

Used to treat syndromes of androgen excess or androgen-dependent disorders

A

Antiandrogens

78
Q

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (2)

A

Antiandrogens:FinasterideDutasteride

79
Q

Androgen receptor antagonists (3)

A

Antiandrogens:FlutamideBicalutamideNilutamide

80
Q

Inhibitors of steroid synthesis (2)

A

Antiandrogens:KetoconazoleSpironolactone

81
Q

____ used to treat male-pattern baldness

A

Finasteride

82
Q

____ inhibits testicular, adrenal and ovarian steroidogenesis

A

Ketoconazole

83
Q

____ inhibits 17-alpha hydroxylase, androgen receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

A

Spironolactone

84
Q

Side effect of antiandrogens

A

Gynecomastia

85
Q

Side effect of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors

A

Persistent sexual dysfunction

86
Q

Male contraceptive made of:

A

Testosterone and nestorone (progestin) transdermally

87
Q

Pulsatile GNRH (increases/decreases) _____ secretion from _____.

A

IncreasesGonadotropinPituitary

88
Q

____: stimulate gonadotropin secretionUsed to treat:Administered in ____fashion

A

Synthetic GnRH: gonadorelinTreats: delayed puberty in boys and girls, anovulatory disorders in womenPulsatile

89
Q

Suppression of gonadotropin secretion used for: (4)

A
  1. treatment of endometriosis and dysmenorrhea 2. ovulation induction 3. Precocious puberty 4. Androgen excess in males
90
Q

Long-acting synthetic GnRH agonist

A

Luprolide - injectableAct like suppression of gonadotropin secretion due to desensitization

91
Q

GnRH antagonist

A

cetrorelix - injectable

92
Q

____ IM injection induce follicular growth

A

FSH (GONAL-F)

93
Q

____ IM injection induce ovulation

A

CG (PREGNYL) - longer half lifeLH (LUVERIS)

94
Q

1st drug used to treat female infertility

A

Long acting GnRH agonist or GnRH antagonist to prevent endogenous gonadotropin secretion

95
Q

2nd drug used to treat female infertility

A

FSH to induce follicular growth

96
Q

3rd drug used to treat female infertility

A

LH or hCG to induce ovulation when follicular growth is deemed appropriate

Undeleted (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions