Periodontal Complex Flashcards
What is the PDLs component parts
Gingivae
Cementum
Periodontal ligament
Alveolar bone
What are the 4 main functions of the PDL
Remodelling
Sensory
Nutritive
Supportive
What does the PDL help remodel
The alveolar bone
What does the PDL help repair/resorption
Of the cementum
What do the fibres and soft connective tissues of the PDL act as
Bio mechanical shock absorbers
To dissipate masticatory forces to the alveolar bone via the oblique fibres
What are 3 roles of the cementum
Covers and protects the root
Provides attachment to the periodontal fibres
More resistant to resorption
What are the 2 types of fibres in the cementum
Extrinsic (Sharpeys) fibres
Intrinsic fibres
What are extrinsic (Sharpeys) fibres
Are embedded ends of the principle PDL fibres
What are intrinsic fibres
Fibres of cementum proper
What synthesises cementum
Cemetocytes
Where are the cemetocytes
Each one ‘sits’ within the lacuna
What are Sharpeys fibres
Collagenous fibres that embed into the cementum and alveolar bone to attach the tooth to the alveolar process
Which cementum type are extrinsic fibres
Acellular
Which cementum type are intrinsic fibres
Cellular
where is acellular cementum located
Cervical 1/3
Where is cellular cementum located
Apical 2/3 and fraction
Lamellar structure
Where is acellular afibrillar cementum located
Found close to the CEJ
what is the function of acellular cementum
Anchorage
What is the function of the cellular cementum
Functional adaption
Repair
Where is cementum the thickest
At the apex and in the inter radicals areas of multi rooted teeth
Where is cementum the thinnest
The cervical area
Where are the connective tissues derived from in the PDL
The dental follicle
Which fibres run perpendicularly to the collagen fibres
Oxytalan (elastin) fibres
What allows for formation/regeneration of the PDL
Periodontal ligament fibroblasts
What is the turnover rate for PDL collagen
1 day
What happens to the PDL with age
The width reduces
List 7 cells within the PDL
Fibroblasts
Epithelial cells
Cementoblasts
Osteoblasts
Neural
Vascular
Lymphatics
List 4 organic matrix within the PDL
Collagen
Proteoglycans
Glycoproteins
Oxytalan
What is the inorganic material within the PDL
Water
What are the 5 collagen fibre bundles
Alveolar crest
Horizontal
Oblique
Periapical
Inter radicular
What does the periosteum attach to
Bone
What does ERM stand for
Epithelial cells rests of Melassez
What roles does ERM have
In cementum repair and regeneration
What are ERMs
They are discrete clusters of residual cells from Hertwigs epithelial root sheath that didn’t completely disappear from developmental stages
Name 3 PDL receptors
Nociception
Mechanoreception
Proprioception
What are 3 principal sources of blood vessels in the PDL
Apical vessels - pulp
Perforating vessels - lamina dura perforate socket wall
Gingival vessels - gingival tissue
What is the alveolar bone
The portion of the maxilla and mandible that form and support the tooth socket
What are the 2 main constituents of the alveolar bone
Cortical plates
Central trabecular bone
