Cranial Nerves Flashcards
How many cranial nerves are there
12 pairs
What is CN I
Olfactory
What is CN II
Optic
What is CN III
Oculomotor
What is CN IV
Trochlear
What is CN V
Trigeminal
What is CN VI
Abducens
What is CN VII
Facial
What is CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
What is CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
What is CN X
Vagus
What is CN XI
Accessory
What is CN XII
Hypoglossal
What do efferent (motor) nerves do
Carry information from the brain to the periphery
What do afferent (sensory) nerves do
Carry information from the periphery to the brain
Is the olfactory nerve (S,M or both)
Sensory
Is the optic nerve (S,M or both)
Sensory
Is the oculomotor nerve (S,M or both)
Motor
Is the trochlear nerve (S,M or both)
Motor
Is the trigeminal nerve (S,M or both)
Both
Is the abducens nerve (S,M or both)
Motor
Is the facial nerve (S,M or both)
Both
Is the vestibulocochlear nerve (S,M or both)
Sensory
Is the glossopharyngeal nerve (S,M or both)
Both
Is the vagus nerve (S,M or both)
Both
Is the accessory nerve (S,M or both)
Motor
Is the hypoglossal nerve (S,M or both)
Motor
What is a somatic nerve
Carries information to/from the skin or skeletal muscles
What is a visceral nerve
Carries information to/from internal organs
What is the function of the olfactory nerve
Sense of smell
What is the function of the optic nerve
Sense of sight
What is the function of the oculomotor nerve
Controls lens shape
Iris diameter
Movement of inferior oblique and rectus m
What is the function of the trochlear nerve
Movement of superior oblique m
What is the function of the trigeminal nerve
Motor - mastication and floods of mouth
Sense - for face, skin, mouth, nose and eyes
What is the function of the abducens nerve
Movement of lateral rectus m
What is the function of the facial nerve
Motor - muscles of facial expression, salivation
Sensory - taste anterior 2/3 of tongue
What is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve
Sensory - equilibrium and hearing
What is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve
Motor - pharyngeal muscles for gagging, swallowing, uvula and salivation
Sensory - taste posterior 1/3 of tongue
What is the function of the vagus nerve
Motor/sensory - pharynx and larynx - abdominal viscera
Motor - heart
What is the function of the accessory nerve
Proprioception in soft palate, pharynx, larynx, head and shoulders
Motor - movement of sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve
Motor - tongue
Which skull foramina does the olfactory nerve exit from
Cribriform plate
Which skull foramina does the optic nerve exit from
Optic canal
Which skull foramina does the oculomotor nerve exit from
Superior orbital fissure
Which skull foramina does the trochlear nerve exit from
Superior orbital fissure
Which skull foramina does the abducens nerve exit from
Superior orbital fissure
Which skull foramina does the facial nerve exit from
Internal acoustic meatus
Which skull foramina does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit from
Internal acoustic meatus
Which skull foramina does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit from
Jugular foramen
Which skull foramina does the vagus nerve exit from
Jugular foramen
Which skull foramina does the accessory nerve exit from
Jugular foramen
Which skull foramina does the hypoglossal nerve exit from
Hypoglossal canal
List the 3 trigeminal nerves
Opthalmic - V1
Maxillary - V2
Mandibular - V3
What is the function of the opthalmic nerve
Sensory to skin of the upper third of the face
What is the function of the maxillary nerve
Sensory to middle third of the face, upper teeth and upper jaw
What is the function of the mandibular nerve
Sensory to lower third of the face, the lower jaw and anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Motor to the muscles of mastication
Which skull foramina does the opthalmic nerve exit from
Superior orbital fissure
Which skull foramina does the maxillary nerve exit from
Foramen rotundum
Which skull foramina does the mandibular nerve exit from
Foramen ovale
Which nerve does the foramen spinosum allow to exit
The mandibular meningeal branch
Which foramina does the mandibular meningeal branch exit from
Foramen spinosum
Why are the cranial nerves part of the peripheral nervous system
Because they innervate anatomical structures of the head and neck and do not solely stay within the central nervous system
What is the origin of the olfactory nerve
Olfactory epithelium
What is the origin of the optic nerve
Retina
What is the origin of the oculomotor nerve
Midbrain
What is the origin of the trochlear nerve
Midbrain
What is the origin of the trigeminal nerve
Pons
What is the origin of the abducens nerve
Pons
What is the origin of the facial nerve
Pons
What is the origin of the vestibulocochlear nerve
Cochlea and semi circular canals
What is the origin of the glossopharyngeal nerve
Medulla oblongata
What is the origin of the vagus nerve
Medulla oblongata
What is the origin of the accessory nerve
Medulla oblongata
What is the origin of the hypoglossal nerve
Medulla oblongata