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Med > PEDIA (Cardio and Neuro) > Flashcards

PEDIA (Cardio and Neuro) Flashcards

1
Q

Congenital Heart Disease common in Boys

A
  • Transposition of the Great Artery (TOGA)
  • Truncus Arteriosus
  • Tetralogy of Fallot
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2
Q

Congenital Heart Disease common in Girls

A
  • Patent Ductus Arteriosus
  • Atrio Septal Defect (ASD)
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3
Q

shunting from left to right

A

Acyanotic heart Defects

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4
Q

shunting from right to left

A

Cyanotic Heart Defects

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5
Q

opening between 2 ventricles

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

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6
Q

Systolic murmur at lower border of the sternum and no other significant sign

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

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7
Q

hypertrophy of the right side of the heart

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

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8
Q

Only 50% of the oxygenated blood will go to the aorta

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

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9
Q

Management for VSD:

A
  • Open heart surgery
  • Long term antibiotic
  • Protect site of catheterization
  • Avoid flexion of joints
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10
Q

site of catheterization for VSD

A

right femoral vein

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11
Q

failure of the foramen ovale to close

A

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

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12
Q

In ASD, 50% of the blood goes to the ____

A

right atrium

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13
Q

Systolic murmur at the upper border of the sternum with no significant sign

A

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

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14
Q

Management for ASD:

A
  • Open heart surgery
  • Long term antibiotic therapy
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15
Q

failure of the Ductus Arteriosus to close

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

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16
Q
  • Prominent radial pulse
  • Continuous machinery like murmur
  • ECG reveals hypertrophy of the left ventricle
A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

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17
Q

prostaglandin inhibitor that
facilitate closure of PDA

A

Indomethacin

18
Q

what age should ligation of pda must conduct?

A

2 - 4 years old

19
Q

narrowing of arch of aorta

A

Coarctation of Aorta

20
Q

Outstanding signs of coarctation of aorta:

A
  • Absent femoral pulse
  • BP is higher on the upper extremities and dec on the lower extremities
  • Epistaxis
  • Lesser blood goes to the lower extremities
21
Q

management for coarctation of aorta:

A
  • Take BP on 4 extremities
  • Close heart surgery
22
Q
  • Aorta is arising from the RV
  • Pulmonary Artery is arising
    from the LV
A

Transposition of Great Arteries

23
Q

Signs & Symptoms of Transposition of Great Arteries:

A
  • Cyanosis after 1st cry
  • Polycythemia
24
Q

Palliative repair -

A

Rash Kind repair

25
Q

Complete repair -

A

Mustard repair

26
Q

4 Anomalies present in Tetralogy of Fallot:

A
  • Pulmonary Stenosis
  • Ventricular Septal Defect
  • Overriding of Aorta
  • Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
27
Q

outstanding sign of Tetralogy of Fallot

A

High degree of cyanosis

28
Q

In Tetralogy of Fallot, severe dyspnea is relieved by ____

A

squatting position

29
Q

In Tetralogy of Fallot, Cyanotic Spell is relieved by

A

Knee chest position in infants

30
Q

An imbalance of CSF absorption or production caused by malformations, tumors, hemorrhage, infections, or trauma

A

HYDROCEPHALUS

31
Q

impaired absorption within the subarachnoid
space

A

Communicating

32
Q

Obstruction of CSF flow in the ventricular system

A

Noncommunicating

33
Q

Thin, widely separated
bones of the head that
produce a cracked-pot sound on percussion

A

Macewen’s sign

34
Q

Late signs of hydrocephalus:

A

High, shrill cry and seizures

35
Q

eyes appear driven downward bilaterally

A

SUN SET EYES

36
Q

the CSF drains from the lateral ventricle > peritoneal cavity

A

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

37
Q

If CSF increased, elevated HOB to ____ degrees to enhance gravity flow through the shunt

A

15 to 30 degrees

38
Q

Disorder characterized by impaired movement and posture

A

CEREBRAL PALSY

39
Q

most common clinical type. represents an upper motor neuron type of muscle
weakness

A

Spastic cerebral palsy

40
Q

Therapeutic management for cerebral palsy

A

PT, OT, Speech therapy, education and recreation

Med (24 decks)

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