CDN (GI) Flashcards
cholera
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn:
ca: vibrio coma/ cholerae/ el tor
mot: fecal oral, ingestion
incu: few hours to 4 days
sx of cholera
- Rice watery stool with fishy odor
- Washerwoman’s appearance
- Oliguria to anuria
- Dehydration
- Aphonia
dx test for cholera
stool exam
doc for cholera
Tetracycline
tx for cholera
Oral Fluids
Tetracycline (DOC)
Co-trimoxazole
Chloramphenicol
Enteric precautions
dysentery
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn: Bacillary dysentery (SHIGELLOSIS), Amoebic dysentery
ca: S. dysenterae (fatal) S. flexneri (common in the Philippines) S. boydii S. Sonnei Entamoeba histolytica
mot: fecal-oral, food-borne
incu: IP: 1-7 days
PC: 1-4 weeks
dysentery charac.
- Watery mucoid, bloody with pus feces
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Colicky or cramping abdominal pain
- Tenesmus = rectal prolapse
dx test for dysentery
Stool Exam
Rectal Swab Culture
drug tx for dysentery
F&E therapy
Antipyretic
Potassium supplements (if required)
Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline
typhoid fever
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn: ENTERIC FEVER, BILIOUS FEVER, YELLOW JACK
ca: SALMONELLA TYPHI
mot: 5 F’s
incu: 1-3 weeks
stages of infection
1st wk -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
1st wk - blood
2 - urine and stool
3 - intestinal bleeding
4 - dec s/sx
5 - convalescent
manifestation of typhoid fever (onset)
typhoid psychosis
Peyer’s patches of Small Intestine
Headache, chilly sensation and aching all over the body
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
Rose spot
manifestation of typhoid fever (typhoid state)
Coma vigil
Tongue becomes dry and brown
Subsultus tendinum
slip down to the foot part of the bed
dx test for typhoid fever
blood culture
stool and urine
doc of typhoid fever
Chloramphenicol
tx of choice for typhoid fever
Chloramphenicol (DOC)
Cotrimoxazole (added for severe cases)
Fluids
Plasma expander (blood loss)
hepa a
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn: Infectious hepatitis, Catarrhal-jaundice hepatitis
ca:
mot: fecal-oral, oral-anal sex
incu: 2-7 weeks
hepa b
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn: Serum Hepatitis
ca:
mot: percutaneous, sexual contact, mother to child
incu: 6 weeks- 6 months
hepa c
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn: Post-transfusion hepatitis
ca:
mot: percutaneous
incu: 2 weeks- 6 months
hepa d
syn:
ca:
mot:
incu:
syn: delta hepatitis
ca:
mot: direct contact with infected blood
incu: only occurs in conjunction with hepatitis B infection
PRE-ICTERIC of hepa
fever, RUQ pain, fatigability, weight loss, anorexia, N/V
ICTERIC of hepa
jaundice, itchiness/pruritis-bile salts in skin, tea colored urine, stools-clay-colored, hepatomegaly
POST -ICTERIC STAGE of hepa
jaundice subsides
dx test of hepa
- Liver function Test
- ALT/SGPT- Alanine Aminotransferase
- Hepatitis Profile
tx for hepa
Antiviral: lamivudine
Interferon
