NCMO 410 (DISASTER) Flashcards
any destructive events that seriously disrupts the normal functioning of a community/society, involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts which exceeds the ability of the affected community/society to cope using its own resources.
Disaster
is the result of the combination of exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity
Disaster
- Ecologic disruptions, or emergencies of varying severity and magnitude
- Results in Illness, Deaths, Injuries, and Property
damage - Cannot be managed by routine procedures.
- Requires extraordinary efforts beyond what is needed to respond to everyday.
Disaster
a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruptions, or environmental degradation
hazard
word disaster originated from _____
greek
DUS -
ASTER -
DUS - bad
ASTER - star
disalignment of position of a planet or a star
disaster
MAIN FEATURES OF DISASTERS:
Unpredictability
Unfamiliarity
Urgency
Uncertainty
Threat
Speed
WHEN IS AN EVENT A DISASTER?
- At least 20% of the population are affected
- at least 40% of the means of livelihood are destroyed
- Major roads and bridges are destroyed
- Epidemics
Result of an ecological disruption or threat that
exceeds the adjustment capacity of the affected
community (WHO, 1979
Natural Disasters
Principal direct causes are identifiable deliberate
human actions or otherwise (Noji, 1996)
Man-made Disasters (human generated)
Also known as NA-TECH. A natural disaster or phenomena that may triggers a secondary disaster
Combination or Synergistic Disasters
Top 10 Global Natural Disasters
Cyclone
Earthquake
Tornado
Volcanic eruption
Tsunami
Flood
Wildfire
Drought
Avalanche
Landslide
5 common disaster in the Philippines
Typhoon
Earthquake
Volcano eruption
El niño/ Drought
Fire
Suffering and devastation caused by war, civil strife, and other political conflicts.
Complex Emergencies
Direct and adverse effect of major industrial accidents,
unplanned release of nuclear energy, fires or explosions from hazardous material
Technologic Disasters
Results of combination of forces like drought, epidemics, and political unrest
Disasters that Occur in Human Settlements
short durations but with
a sudden impact
Based on Onset
Events that persist over an extended period, often with a gradual onset. Examples include prolonged droughts,
ongoing conflict situations, and persistent public health issues
Chronic/Long-Term Disasters
Events that have a rapid onset and short duration, causing immediate and intense impact. Examples include earthquakes
and tsunamis.
Acute/Short-Term Disasters
events that originate within a specific geographic area or jurisdiction and affect the residents and resources of that particular region.
Internal Disasters
events that originate outside a specific geographic area or jurisdiction but impact the affected region, often crossing border
External Disasters
- It is the initial phase of
disaster, prior to the actual
occurrence. - A warning is given at the
sign of the first possible
danger
PRE-IMPACT PHASE
- Occurs when the disaster actually happens
- time of enduring hardship
or injury end of trying to
survive
IMPACT PHASE
Recovery begins during the
emergency phase and ends
with the return of normal
community order and
functioning
POST – IMPACT PHASE
during the stage the victims may deny the magnitude of the problem or have not fully registered. The victims may appear usually unconcerned
Denial
- the person is aware of the
problem but regards it as overwhelming and unbearable. - Common reaction during
this stage is trembling, tightening of muscles, speaking with the difficulty, weeping heightened, sensitivity, restlessness, sadness, anger and passivity. - The victim may want to retell or relieve the disaster experience over and over.
Strong Emotional Response
- the victim begins to accept the problems caused by the disaster and makes a concentrated effect to solve them.
- It is important for victims to take specific action to help themselves and their families.
Acceptance
Victims feel that they are back to normal. A sense of well-being is restored. Victims develop the realistic memory of the experience
Recovery
- Also known as Emergency management cycle
- Provides guide on the time line of a disaster.
Consist of three phases:
1. Pre-impact- 0-24 HOURS
2. Impact- 24-72 HOURS
3. Post Impact- more than 72 HOURS
Disaster Continuum
