PBR 2/3 MC (SIR NINS) PAGE 2 Flashcards
MC neoplasm of small intestine
Carcinoid
MC location of carcinoid tumor that arise in the small bowel
Ileum
(Terminal)
MC location of small bowel adenocarcinoma
Duodenum (50%) and prox jejunum
MC site of extranodal origin of lymphoma
GIT
MC site for primary GI lymphoma
Stomach
MC SITE FOR SMALL BOWEL LYMPHOMA
Distal ileum
MC site for Burkitt lymphoma
Ileocecal
MC source of intraperitoneal implantation on the small bowel serosa in women
Ovarian Cancer
MC source of intraperitoneal implantation on the small bowel serosa in men
Colon, gastric, pancreatic cancer
MC location of intraperitoneal implantation on the GIT
Terminal ileum, cecum, and ascending colon ( right lower abdomen)
MC location of small bowel lipoma
Ileum
MC location of GIT hemangioma (projecting as polyp)
Jejunum
MC location of multiple hamartomatous polyps which are seen in Peutz Jeghers syndrome
Small especially jejunum
Where does the GI duplication cyst most commonly arise?
Distal small bowel near terminal ileum
Most radiosensitive organ in the abdomen
Small bowel
MC pattern of GI involvement in Crohns?
Colon and terminal ileum (55%)
Most frequent fistulae in Crohn’s
Ileocecal and ileocolonic
MC location of small bowel diverticula?
Jejunum, mesenteric border
MC CONGENITAL ANOMALY OF THE GI TRACT
Meckela diverticulum
2nd most common encountered small bowel disease
Lymphoma and Crohns
MC location of lymphoid hyperplasia
Terminal ileum and cecum
MC submucosal tumor of the colon
Lipoma
MC LOCATION OF COLONIC LIPOMAS
Cecum and ascending colon
Common location of endometriosis in the colon
Sigmoid and rectum
MC primary sites of amoebic colonic disease
Cecum and rectum
MC location of typhlitis (neutropenic colitis)
Cecum and ascending colon
Most susceptible to ischemic colitis
Splenic flexure and descending colon
MC location of AIDS ASSOCIATED COLITIS AND CATHARTIC COLON
Right colon
MC location of epiploic appendages
Cecum and sigmoid (sparing the rectum)
MC location of diverticulosis
Sigmoid
MC fistula formation in acute diverticulitis
Bladder, vagina, or skin
MC tumor of the appendix
Carcinoid (85%)
MC location of carcinoid tumor
Appendix (60% of all carcinoids)
MC primary tumor with splenic mets?
Melanoma
MC inflammatory biliary tract stricture
Post operative
MC site of gallbladder perforation
Fundus
MC microbe in solitary pyogenic abscess
K. Pneumoniae
MC microbe in multiple pyogenic abscess
E. Coli
MC site of pancreatic injury
Body
MCC of peritonitis in the adult
Perforated duodenal ulcer
MC viral pathogen affecting the GIT in AIDS patient
CMV
MC benign epithelial neoplasm in the stomach
Hyperplastic polyp
MC injured intra-abdominal organ
Spleen
Most pathognomonjc barium manifestation of Crohn’s disease
String sign
MC consistent landmark in the porta hepatis
Portal vein
Now the MC pathogen causing liver abscess in Western countries
K. Pneumonia (historically, E. Coli)
Organism most commonly isolted in culture in adults from pyogenic liver abscess
E.coli (gulo ni G and L)
Most often isolated from hepatic abscesses in children
Staphylococci
MC accessory fissure
Inferior accessory fissure (divides the posterior segment of the right lobe into lateral and medial portions
MC accessory lobe
Riedel’s lobe (most frequently seen in asthenic women)
MC liver tumor during the first 6 months of life/MC benogn vascular tumor of infancy
Infantile hemangioendothelioma
Multiple solid tumor nodules predominantly peripheral with capsular retraction
Lollipop sign on CT
White target sign in T2 sequence
MC primary liver neoplasm in childhood
Hepatoblastoma
Increased AFP
MC primary neoplasm associated with calcified liver mets
Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon
Now the most common source of pyogenic liver abscess
Ascending cholangitis (before the cholangitis)
MC complication of amebic liver abscess
Pleuropulmonary amebiasis
MCC OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION/obstruction worldwide
Schistosomiasis
Most common intrahepatic cause of portal vein thrombosis
Cirrhosis
MC opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS
Pneumocystis carinii
Most hepatotoxic chemotherapeutic agent
Mithramycin
MC complication of cirrhosis
Ascites
MC visible varix in portal hypertension
Let gastric (coronary) vein
Uncommon but most commmon visceral aneurysm
Anuerysm of the portal venous system
Mc site of hepatic injury
Posterior segment of the right lobe
MC site of PTLD
Abdominal cavity
MC anomaly associated with annular pancreas
Intestinal malrotation
MC location of ectopic rests of pancreatic tissue
Proximal portion of duodenum or gastric antrum
MC location of ectopic pancreas
Proximal GIT (duodenum > antropyloric region of the stomach > jejunum
Most often involved segment in segmental form of acute pancreatitis
Head
MC abnormality in patients with pancreatic ductal adeno Ca
Segmental dilatation of the main pancreatic duct
Most often location of serous cysadenoma
Head
MC location of IPMN
Uncinate, head, and neck
Most widely expected imaging appearance of PNET
Hypervascular mass best seen in the pancreatic phase of enhancement on MDCT or brisky enhancing focus in MRI
MC functioning PNET/neuroendocrine tumor
Insulinoma (2nd MC: gastrinoma)
Most likely etiology of a solid-appearing pancreatic mass with dense calcifications
Non functioning PNET
MC primary neoplasm to metastasize to the pancreas
RCC
MCC of a prominent LA appendage
Prior rheumatic carditis
MCC of rigth sided heart failure
Left sided heart failure
MCC of pulmonary venous hypertension
Elevation of LA pressure sec to LV failure
MC CHDs associated with bilateral left-sidedness
ASD or anomalous pulmonary venous return
MC involved ribs in COA rib notching
3rd to 8th ribs (4th to 8th posterior ribs kay Swischuk)
Catheter induced spasm of the coronary arteries is most often seen
RCA
MC form of PAPVR
RPV (draining the RUL RML) connects RA to SVC
MC form of cardiomyopathy
Dilated>hypertrophic>restrictive
MC form of dilated cardiomyopathy
Ischemic cardiomyopathy(in adults), idiopathic (children)
MC form of dilated cardiomyopathy
Ischemic cardiomyopathy(in adults), idiopathic (children)
MCC CHF in children
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
MCC cause of acute myocarditis; MCC cause of infectious myocarditis
Coxsackie B virus
MCC of mitral regurgitation
MVP; ischemia-related papillary dysfunction m and/or infarct with papillary muscle rupture
MCC fungal agent of endocarditis
Candida>Aspergillus (MC bacterial agent: S. aureus)
MCC of an intracardiac mass
Thrombus
MC location of cardiac thrombi/common location of atrial thrombi
LA and LV/posterior wall of LA
MC primary benign cardiac tumor
Atrial myxoma (female >60 years)
MC location of myxoma
LA (attached to interatrial septum)
2nd MC benign cardiac tumor
Lipoma
MC prenatal cardiac tumor
Rhabdomyoma (associated with Tuberous sclerosis)
Mc commonly resected and 2nd most common primary cardiac tumor of childhood
Fibroma
Mc pericardial tumor in infants
Teratoma
MC malignant cardiac tumor/MC cardiac tumor
Mets
MC neoplasm to metastasize to the heart
Breast, lung, melanoma, and lymphoma
MC primary malignant cardiac tumor
Angiosarcoma (followed rhabdomyosarc and liposarc
MC abnormality of the pericardium
Pericardial effusion
MCC of constrictive pericardial disease
Pericardiotomy
MC location of pericardial cysts
Cardiophrenic angles (R>L)
MC type of VSD that is seen with PTA and TOF
Bulbar
MC type of VSD
Perimemebranous (2nd MC: muscular)
MC TAPVR type
Type 1 (supracardiac)
MC circumstance wherein a snowman heart is erroneously diagnosed
Large VSD with a large thymus
MCC of cyanotic CHD beyond the immediate neonatal period
TOF
MC of the conditions comprising the hypoplastic right heart syndrome
Tricuspid atresia
MC form of pulmonary stenosis that are most frequently seen in trilogy and tetralogy of Fallot
Trilogy-valvular
Tetralogy-subvalvular/infundibular
MC type of aortic stenosis
Valvular>subvalvular>supravalvular
MC valve disease occurring older patients
Aortic stenosis
MC form of LVOT obstruction
Valvular aortic stenosis
MC/Earliest lesion to produce left side cardiac faliure in the immediate post natal perior/MCC of CHF in the 1st week of life and certainly in the 1st day or two of life
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
MCC type of cardiac dextroposition
Mirror image dextrocardia (2nd MC: dextroversion)
MCC vascular anomaly
Anomalous/aberrant right subclavian artery
MC CHD that is associated with a right aortic arch with right descending aorta and mirror
TOF
Hypoplastic left pulmonary artery and lung most commonly occur in
TOF
MC left-sided pericardial defect
Complete absence of the left pericardium
MC simple L to R shunt in adult
ASD>PDA>VSD
MC type of congenital heart defect
VSD
MCC of cardiomegaly in an acyanotic px with increased pulmonary vascularity
VSD
MCC congenital anomaly (involving the coronary arteries?)
Separate origins of the LAD and LCx arteries arising from the left sinus of Valsalva
MC anomaly in Ehlers Danlos, MC cardiac anomaly in Klinefelters
MVP
MCC coronary artery aneursym in adults
Atherosclerotic vessel disease
MCC coronary artery disease in children, leading cause of acquired childhood heart disease (US)
Kawasaki disease
MCC of coronary artery pseudoaneurysm
Iatrogeniuc-catheterization
MCC of coronary artery dissection
Angioplasty
3rd MCC of coronary artery dissection
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)
SCAD is MC associated with
Younger women, pregnant or postpartum, and undergoing intense exercise
MC papillary muscle to rupture
Posteromedial of LV-supplied by PDA (2-7 days after acute MI)
MC cause of mitral stenosis
RHD
MC cause of severe non-ischemic mitral regurgitation
MVP
MC affected aortic valve in RHD
Mitral valve (next aortic, tricuspid and pulmonary
2 MC vascular rings
- R aa with aberrant left subclavian
- Double aortic arch
MC variationin the origins of the great vessels from the aortic arch
Bovine anatomy/common origin of the right brachiocephalic and left common carotid artery
MC congenital arch anomaly
Left arch with aberrant right subclavian artery
MC congenital cardiac anomaly associated with COA as well as pseudocoarctation
Bicuspid aortic aorch
MC site of post-traumatic thoracic aortic aneurysm
Aortic isthmus
MC portion of thoracic aorta where aneurysms are seen
Ascending
MC etiology of Ascending aortic aneurysm
Cystic medial degeneration/necrosis
MC descending thoracic aneurysm
Atherosclerotic disease
MC complaint in symptomatic px with PAVM
Epistaxis (from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia)
MC indication for bronchial angiography
Hemoptysis
MCC of hemoptysis worldwide
Worldwide-infection
US-bronchgenic Ca, bronchitis, bronchiectasis
MC location for atherosclerotic disease of the LE
SFA; common iliac, popliteal, tibioperoneal, origins of tibial artery
MC location for atherosclerotic disease of the UE
Proximal left subclavian
MC site of adventitial cystic disease
Popliteal artery
MC causative pathogen of mycotic aneurysms of the abdoinal aorta
Salmonella
MC commonly affected arteries in polyarteritis nodosa
Renal (85%)
Hepatic (65%)
MC aneurysm outside of the aorta and iliac arteries
Splenic artery aneursym
Mc location of aneurysm of aneurysm involving the peripheral arteries
Popliteal arteries
MCC for bleedig from the small bowel
Tumor
MCC of lower GI hemorrhage
Colonic diverticula
MC enteric source of aortoenteric fistula
Duodenum (where it crosses the aorta)
MC central venous variation
Double SVC
Mc tumor to extend to the IVC
Renal Cell Carcinoma
MC primary tumor of the IVC
Leiomyosarcoma
MCC tracheo-esophageal stripe thickening
Esophageal Ca
MC accessory fissure
Inferior accessory fissure
MC form of atelectasis
Obstructive/resorptive
Most oftenly associated with localized cicatricial atelectasis
Chronic upper lobe fibronodular TB
MCC of localized bronchiectasis
Prior TB
MC thoracic inlet mass
Tortuous arterial structure in particular the confluence of the right brachiocephalic and right subclavian artery
MC primary mediastinal neoplasm in adults
Lymphoma
2nd MC primary mediastinal neoplasm
Thymoma
MC benign mediastinal germ cell neoplasm
Teratoma
MC type of mediastinal teratoma
Cystic or mature
MC malignant germ cell neoplasm
Seminoma
MC posterior mediastinal mass in patients neurofibromatosis
Meningocoele
Most frequent site of a localized nodal mass in pxs with Hodgkins disease
Anterior mediastinum
MC subtype of NHL that presen with mediastinal mass
Lymphoblastic lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Mc lymph nodes that are involved in NHL
Middle mediastinal and hilar LNs
MC involved nodes in small cell ca
Paratracheal and aorticopulmonary nodes
MC source of metastases to middle nodes
Bronchogenic Ca
MC site of bronchogenic cysts
Middle mediastinum
MC neurogenic tumors in children
Neuroblastoma and galnglioneuroma
MC neurogenic tumors in adults
Neurofibroma and schwannoma
MC primary site of thoracic spinal mets
Bronchogenic, breast, and RCC
MCC of acute mediastinitis
Esophageal perforation
MCC of chronic sclerosing (fibrosing) mediastinitis
Granulomatous infections, usaully secondary to Histoplasma capsulatum
MC cxr finding of acute mediastinitis
Widening of the superior mediastinum (66%), pleural effusion (50%)
MC finding of sclerosing mediastinitis on CXR
Asymmteric lobulated widening of the upper mediastinum
MC CT finding of sclerosing mediastinitis
Enlarged LNs with calcification
MC finindg on conventional radiographs in mediastinal lipomatosis
Smooth, symmetric widening of the superior mediastinum
MC source of pneumomediastinum
Lungs
Unilateral hiar enlargement resulting from metastatic LN is most often seen
Small cell Ca
MC solid tumor producing bilateral hilar disease
Small cell Ca and malignant melanoma
Extrathoraci neoplasm with the highest incidence of intrathoracic nodal metastases
Malignant melanoma
Viral infectios most commonly associated with hilar LN enlargement
Infectious mononucleosis and measles pneumonia
MC chest radiographic manifestation of leukemic involvement of the thorax
Hilar and mediastinal LN enlargement
MC cause of a small hilum
Atelectasis and lung resection (small residual hilar artery supplying the remaining lobe or lobes)
MC cause of imbalance of the Starling forces
Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (hydrostatic pulmonary edema)
MC form of pulmonary edema
Hydrostatic pulmonary edema
MCC of acute pulmonary volume overload
Iatrogenic overhydration
MC radiographic findings in PE w/o infarction
Peripheral airspace opacities and linear atelectasis
MCC of increase in resistance to pulmonary blood flow w/c is the MCC of PAH
Parenchymal lung disease and chronic hypoventilation from obstructive sleep apnea
