Page 21 Flashcards
When is the signal intensity of the myometrium lowest?
menstruation and early proliferative
When are the ovaries largest?
just prior to ovulation (may dominant follicle kasi)
What lesions demonstrate T2 shading?
endometriomas (chocolate cysts)
What are the signs of hemorrhagic infarction of the torsed adnexa?
marked thickening of the wall of the adnexal mass (>10 mm), hemorrhage within the mass and within the twisted tube, and hemoperitoneum
Most aggressive of the uterine tumors?
uterine sarcomas
Endometrial atrophy measurement
<5 mm
Endometrial ca measurement
> 1.5 cm is strongly associated with c
Most characteristic appearance of benign cystic teratomas?
cystic mass with complex fluid and a mural nodule called dermoid plug
(What term refers to the endometrium of the pregnant uterus?)
decidua
What is the earliest site of blood cell formation in the embryo? What is the earliest structure visualized within the gestational sac?
yolk sac
What is the earliest demonstration of the embryo?
double bleb sign
Concurrent intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancies?
heterotopic pregnancy
More common type of hydatidiform mole?
complete - 70% (partial - 30%)
what level are the BPD and HC measured?
third ventricle and thalamus - transthalamic plane
At what level is the AC measured?
intrahepatic portion of the umbilical vein
Intrauterine infections that cause IUGR?
rubella, CMV, toxo
Normal AFI
5-20 cm
Vessels in the normal umbilical cord?
2 arteries and 1 vei
Parameters of biophysical profile
- reactive fetal heart rate (nonstress test) assess acute hypoxia
- respiratory
- motor
- fetal tone
- amniotic fluid
At what level is the transventricular plane demonstrated and what is the dominant landmark that is used?
ventricular atria; choroid plexus
Polyhdramnios cutoff values
> 2L at delivery, AFI >20 cm, single pocket >8 cm
What parameter is the length of the normal fetal kidneys in mm approximately equal to?
GA in weeks
Both kidneys are enlarged in ARPKD and ADPKD, what differentiates them?
Sonulucent rim is present in ARPKD
3 axial planes in US screening for CNS anomalies?
thransthalamic, transventricular, transcerebellar
Cystic adenomatoid malformation types
Type I - single or multiple cysts >2 cm
Type II - multiple smaller cysts of uniform size <2 cm
Type III - echogenic solid masses (because the cysts are microscopic)
On what side of the umbilicus is gastrochisis nearly always located?
right (pag omphalocele, midline at the umbilicus / base of the umbilical cord)
What is the hallmark of osteogenesis imperfecta?
osteoporosis
What condition does massive enlargement of both kidneys associated with oligohydramnios suggest?
ARPKD
What anomaly is suggested by clenched hands with overlapping index fingers?
trisomy 18
What syndrome is suggested when there is hypoplasia of the middle phalanx of the 5th digit in association with femur and humerus shortening?
Down syndrome
