Page 6 Flashcards
MC cause of osteomalacia
renal osteodystrophy
MC disease in which osteosclerosis is seen
Renal disease
MC presentation of renal osteodystrophy
Osteopenia (10-20% lang ang osteosclerosis)
Only finding that is pathognomonic for osteomalacia
Looser fracture
- wide, transverse lucencies with sclerotic borders traversing partway through a bone, usually perpendicular to the involved cortex.
- associated most frequently withosteomalaciaandrickets.
- Osteomalacia is the strongly favoured diagnosis when: bilaterally symmetric and in a classic location: such as the axillary border of the scapula, rib, or posterior ulna, superior and inferior pubic ramus, and medial side of the femoral neck.
MCC of hyperparathyroidism
renal disease / chronic renal insufficiency
MCC of hyperparathyroidism
single parathyroid adenoma
Pathognomonic for hyperparathyroidism / sine qua non of renal osteodystrophy
Subperiosteal bone resorption
Where is subperiosteal bone resorption seen most commonly, most reliably, and earliest?
radial aspect of the middle phalanges of the hand
Pathognomonic for pyknodysostosis
acro-osteolysis with sclerosis
Where does Paget disease most commonly occur?
pelvis (remember iliopectineal line thickening)
Characteristic for fluorosis
calcified sacrotuberous ligament
MCC of dwarfism
achondroplasia
MC skeletal dysplasia
achondroplasia
MC location of painful bone marrow syndrome in the knee
medial condyle
MC type of meniscal tear
oblique tear extending to the inferior surface of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus
MC location of meniscocapsular separation
site of the MCL
Most frequently encountered bony abnormality with MRI
contusion
Where do most cuff tears begin?
anterior most fibers of the supraspinatus (immediately lateral to the bicipital groove)
Most commonly seen cuff tear on MRI
rim rent (articular side, anteriorly at the insertion of the fibers onto the greater tuberosity)
MCC of quadrilateral space syndrome
fibrous bands or scar tissue
Except for the Achilles, the most medial and the largest of the flexor tendons
posterior tibial tendon
MC torn ankle ligament
anterior talofibular ligament
MC locations of tarsal coalition
calcaneonavicular joint and middle facet of the talocalcaneal joint
MC soft tissue mass in the hand, wrist, and elbow
ganglia
MC MR finding in tendon degeneration
focal or diffuse tendon hypertrophy
MC minor congenital variation in the spine
facet tropism; next MC is transitional lumbosacral junction
MC intramedullary neoplasms
gliomas, principally astrocytomas and ependymomas
MC intramedullary tumor in adults
ependymomas
MC pediatric spinal cord mass
astrocytoma (2nd MC: ependymoma)
Most commonly affected location in skeletal TB
1st lumbar vertebra
MC benign radiation-induced tumors
osteochondromas (exostoses)
Area of the bone that is most sensitive to radiation
epiphysis
MC breast ca appearing as spiculated
infiltrating ductal ca
Breast abscesses are most commonly seen in a?
subareolar location in lactating women
MC well-circumscribed masses seen in women 35-50 yo / MC breast mass
cysts
MC well-defined solid masses seen on mammography / MC solid benign tumor in young women/women younger than 30 yo
fibroademonas
MC primary ca to produce breast mets
melanoma
MC source of mets to ovaries
colon (65%), stomach, breast, lung, pancreas
DCIS/noninvasive breast ca is most often detected mammographically as a result of?
branching calcifications
Indeterminate calcifications are most often associated with?
fibrocystic change
MC indication for breast imaging in men
palpable asymmetric thickening or mass
MC uterine tumor / MC solid pelvic masses encountered during pregnancy / MC additional uterine pathology in the presence of adenomyosis
leiomyoma
MC location of leiomyomas
intramural
MC sites of involvement in endometriosis
ovaries, cul-de-sac, peritoneal reflections
MCC of hydrosalpinx
pelvic infection
MC ovarian mass / MCC of ovarian enlargement
Functional ovarian cyst
MC ovarian neoplasm / MC germ cell neoplasm of the ovary / MC ovarian teratomas / MC ovarian masses in children / MC ovarian pathology in young women of reproductive age
dermoid cyst / benign cystic teratoma / mature cystic teratoma / ovarian cystic teratoma
MC GCT
ovarian teratomas
MC monodermal teratoma
struma ovarii (mature thyroid tissue) and immature teratoma