Pathology 9 - MSK Flashcards
RC tear - cause of tear
traumatic
or
degentrative
RC tear - special tests
drop arm
painful arm
ER lag sign
RC - MMT’s
RC tear - degentractive tear population
> 50
due to chronic degen patho
RC tear - partial thickness tear vs full thickness
partial : only through part of the tendon
full: complete tear of the tendon
RC tear - size of full tear
1 cm = small
5 cm = large
RC tear - signs and symptoms (arm position)
add and IR
RC tear - signs and symptoms
point tenderness at greater tubercle and acromion
lack of shoulder flexion and abd - upper trap recruitment
increased tone in anterior shoulder region
pain in lateral shoulder and raditing pain in the upper arm
RC tear - how long is immoblization normally after surgery for large tears
4-6 weeks
RC tear - how long to return to function actives that include over head actives
9 - 12 months
RC tear - what tendon is often involved
supraspinatus
with more traumatic subscapularis and infraspinauts may get involved
RC tear - what is the most common complaint
pain and weakness
what nerve serve the subscapular muscle
subscapular nerve (C5,6,7)
what does the suprascapular nerve serve in the RC
infraspinatus and supraspinatus
C5 and C6
what nerve serve the teres minor
axillary nerve
C5 and C6
what is the function of the suprspinatus
assist with abd
depress the humeral head
what is the function of the teres minor and infraspinatus
ER
GH ext - just infra
what is the function of the subscapularis
IR
depress the humeral head
RC - is pain normally more with full or partial tear
patrial tear because of the pressure on the remain tendon
RC tear - imaging
MRI
special tests for the supraspinatus
empty can
what is more aggressive ampty can or full can
empty can
this why we test it second
biceps tendon rupture - pop
men 40-60
secondary to chronic inflammation or degeneration
biceps tendon rupture - pain presentation
worse with overhead activities
pain is the primary characteristix
what are the special tests for a SLAP lesion
Obrien’s
anterior slide test
biceps 1 and 2
crank
what are the special test with SLAP lesion and long head of the biceps tendon
YSL
yergasons
speeds
will osgood-schlatter diease take care of it self
yes the condition normally resolve in time without intervention
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - what kind of disorder
congenital connective tissue disorder
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - what does it effect
affects the formation of collagen during bone development
reduced collagen production by 20-50%
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - TYPE 1
mildest form
near normal growth
freq fx - normally stop after puberty
no deformity
blue sclera
easy bruising
triangular face
possible hearing loss
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - TYPE 2
most severe
child dies in utero or by early childhood
soft skull
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - TYPE 3
severe
greater ossification of the skull compared to type 2
multiple fx
growth retardation
severe osteoprosis
deformities
sig limitation in functional mobility
blue sclera
trianglur face
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - TYPE 4
milder
fx prior to puberty
hearing loss
may or may not have short stature
bowing of long bones
barrel of ribs
normal sclera
brittle teeth
normal life expantyy
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - how do we get it
inherited
1 and 4: autosomal dominent
2 and 3: autosomal recessive trait
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - sign and sym
pathological fx
osteoporosis
hypermobile joints
bowing of the long bones
weakness
scoliosis
impaired respiratory function
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - treatment PT
AROM that are symmetrical
positioing
functional mobility
what does congenital mean
a condition. that exist at birth
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - testing lab
skin biopsy is used to examin collogen
Xray to look at deformities
bone desitometer- used to measure bone mass
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - type 1 what type of amb
community
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - type 4 what type of amb
1/2 household
1/4 community
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - type 3 what kind of amb
1/4 houselhold
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - pharm
biophosphate drugs
what is the function of biophosphate drugs
increase bone density
whould kids be given steriods
no - becasue deplete bone and increass fragility
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - what weight should the orhtodics be
light weight
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - strengthing activities don’ts
rotational forces
placing weight or resistance near a joint
using long lever arms
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - when is rodding indicated
fx in the same bone within 6 months
when the angle of a long bone does not allow for stable amb
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - amb prediction
type of OI
childs ability to sit by 10 months
what is the best way to determine if someone has osteomyltis
bone biopsy
is PFPS more common in women or men
women - htink of me as a runner
sciatic nerve root levels
L4-S3
what is a duck bill deformity
a swan neck deformity of the thumb
what is the orthopedic condition to mimics L1-L5 radiulopathy
piriformis syndrome
OA pain is described as
deep, poorly localized, and aching which is exacerbated by activity and relieved by rest.
what is the peak onset for OA
late 40-50s
According to the American College of Rheumatology, how many of the 7 criteria must be satisfied for a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis to be confirmed?
4 of the 7
deformities and RA
affects joints symmetrically, but deformities are asymmetrical
asymmetry is attributed to increased use of a dominant extremity or protection of a painful extremity.
what is chondromalacia patella
softening of the articular cartilage of the patella
what are the signs and sym of chondromalacia patella
anterior knee pain,
pain with prolonged sitting,
swelling,
crepitus
pain when ascending and descending stairs.
Which areas of the spine are most susceptible to osteoarthritis?
lower cervical and lower lumbar
what areas are the most susceptible to osteoarthritis due to obesity
Knees > hip > hands
what is coxa vara and valga
the angle of the femoral head
normal is 125-deg
what is genu vara and valga
valgum = knocked knees
varus = bowed knees
what is femoral anterversion and retroversion
transverse plane femur
toes in = retroversion (decreased angle)
toes out = anterversion (increased angle)
what is Femoroacetabular impingement
a condition in which one or both bones of the hip joint are irregularly shaped, causing them to rub against one another.
CAM = men
PINCER = women
CAM FAIS
femoral head is misshapen
Pincer FAIS
overgrowth of the acetabular rim.
Pain from osteoarthritis of the hip is most commonly experienced in which location?
groain
Osteogenesis imperfecta’s hypermobile or hypoobile joint
hypermobile joints
