Pathology 3 - MSK

Question 1

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - patho

Answer 1

inflammation of the tendon as they go through synovial sheath
EPB
FPL

Question 2

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - onset

Answer 2

rep activities of thumb abd and extension

racquet ball sports
repeated heavy lifting

Question 3

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - presentation

Answer 3

pain and tenderness of the anatomical snuffbox that occasionally radiates into the forearm

Question 4

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - gradual or sudden?

Answer 4

can be either sudden or gradual

Question 5

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - more likely in what population

Answer 5

women and new mothers

Question 6

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - lab test

Answer 6

not performed normally

Question 7

De quervian’s tenosynovitis - testing

Answer 7

flinkestein

Question 8

Disk herniation - most common MOI

Answer 8

twisting and bending of the spine

sometime with the addition of the external load

Question 9

Disk herniation - acute or progressive

Answer 9

either

Question 10

Disk herniation - patho

Answer 10

expulsion of the nucleus pulposus of the disk

Question 11

Disk herniation - what part of the disk normally herniate

Answer 11

the posterior lateral disk

this is the weakest point

Question 12

Disk herniation - what level is most common

Answer 12

L4-L5

Question 13

Disk herniation - risk factors

Answer 13

overweight

occupation that involves twisting, bending, and lifting

Question 14

Disk herniation - clinical presentation

Answer 14

back pain

radiating pain down leg - uni

numbness, tingling, and weakness

Question 15

Disk herniation - imaging

Answer 15

MRI is used most common

electromyography and nerve conduction - used to examine the extent of nerve damage

Question 16

what is electromyography (EMG)

Answer 16

a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of muscles and nerves

Question 17

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - progressive or stable

Answer 17

progressive

Question 18

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - cause

Answer 18

X-linnked recessive trait

the absence of a gene required to produce the muscle protien dystrophin and nebulin

Question 19

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - what happens without these muscle proteins

Answer 19

muscle contratability is lost

the destroyed muscle cells are replaced by fat deposits

Question 20

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - population

Answer 20

mother is silent carrier

only male offspring will manifest the disease

X-linked recessive trait

Question 21

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - signs and sym age of onset

Answer 21

2-5 years old

Question 22

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - signs and sym

Answer 22

progressive weakness - proximal muscles

falling

toe walking, waddling

excessive lordosis

pseudohypertrophy of muscles

Question 23

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - treatment

Answer 23

family and caregiver edu and training

sub max exercises

respiratory function

splinting and orthodics

Question 24

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - med management

Answer 24

immunosuppressant

steriods

surgical intervention

Question 25

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - how is it normally ID

Answer 25

child using gower’s maneuver to get off the ground

Question 26

gower’s maneuver

Answer 26

The child assumes the hands-and-knees position and then climbs to a stand by “walking” his hands progressively up his shins, knees, and thigh

Question 27

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - most progressive period

Answer 27

there is a rapid progression of the disease with the child unable to walk by the age 10-12

Question 28

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - death is normally 2/2 what

Answer 28

cardiac complication

respiratory muscle dysfunction

Question 29

Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) other name

Answer 29

landouzyDejerine dystrophy

Question 30

Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD)- what is it

Answer 30

unknown genetic inherited disease

presents later in child life (7-20)

facial and shoulder girdle weakness

weakness lifting arms over head

hard time closing eyes

life span remians normal

Question 31

GH instability - what is it

Answer 31

refers to instability translation of the humeral head on the glenoid during active rot

Question 32

GH instability - is cause of a disorder of what

Answer 32

static or dynamic stabilzers of the shoulder

Question 33

GH instability - sublexation id defined as what

Answer 33

the humeral head passively shifting 50% over the glenoid

Question 34

GH instability - dislocation defined

Answer 34

the complete seperation of the the articular surfaces of the glenoid and the humeral head

Question 35

GH instability - and labrum detachment

Answer 35

85% of GH disloaction lead to detachment of the labrum

Question 36

GH instability - what kind of dislocation is most common

Answer 36

anterior dislocation

Question 37

GH instability - subluxation signs and systems

Answer 37

the shoulder feeling like it is popping in and out back into place

parathesia

pain

dead arm

Question 38

GH instability - dislocation signs and sym

Answer 38

severe pain

paraesthia

limited ROM

weakness

visable shoulder fullness

arm support by contralateral limb

Question 39

GH instability - what muscle do we focus on in treatment

Answer 39

IR, ER, and large scapular muscles

Question 40

what position do GH anterior dislocation occur

Answer 40

shoulder in ER, ABD, and EXT

think of hitting a volley ball

Question 41

what is the most dislocated joint

Answer 41

the shoulder

Question 42

shoulder dislocation occurs in what population

Answer 42

sports participation

elderly secondary to a fall

Question 43

nerve issues seen with anterior shoulder dislocation

Answer 43

radial

axillary

musculocutaneus

Question 44

GH dislocation imagining

Answer 44

xray is normally perfromed before and after the shoulder has been reduced

MRI is used if a soft tissue injury is suspected