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Basecamp: MSK > Orthopedic Surgical Conditions 1 > Flashcards

Orthopedic Surgical Conditions 1 Flashcards

1
Q

for what condition do we perform a laminectomy

A

with the presence of a disk protusion or spinal stenosis

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2
Q

what is a complete laminecotmy

A

the completed removal of the
lamina
SP
or ligament flavum

the vert seg is much less stable

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3
Q

what is a partial lamiectomy

A

the removal of only one lamina

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4
Q

what are is the normal approach for a laminectomy

A

posterior approach

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5
Q

what is normally limited following laminecotomy

A

ext and weight lifting

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6
Q

spinal fusion - indication

A

axial pain with unstable spinal segments

advance arthritis

uncontrolled peri pain

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7
Q

spinal fusion - procedure

A

bone is harvested from another part of the body (iliac crest) and is used to help fuse to vert together

instrument are often used to fuse segments together until a boney callus forms

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8
Q

total shoulder arthroplasty - why

A

joint component have become arthy

seondayr to fx

RC arthropathy

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9
Q

what is RC arthropathy

A

a type of arthritis that can develop in the shoulder after a large or long-term rotator cuff tear

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10
Q

what occur with total shoulder arthroplasty

A

replaces both the glenoid and the head of the humerous

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11
Q

what occurs with a shoulder hermiarthroplasty

A

one of the gleniod or the humeral components

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12
Q

what happens with a reverse should arthoplasty

A

reverse the concave and convex component

vex: glenoid

cave: humeral hea d

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13
Q

when do we perform a reverse shoulder arthroplasty

A

when the pt has a dysfunction of the RC

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14
Q

what muscle of the RC is impacted by shoulder arthoplasty

A

subscaulris is detached for easier ascess to the joint

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15
Q

muscle and tendon repair impact on shoulder arthoplasty rehab

A

in a sling for longer

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16
Q

subacromial decompression - when perfromed

A

shoulder impingment that does not response to conservative rehab

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17
Q

subacromial decompression - open

A

deltoid is detached

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18
Q

subacromial decompression - mini- open

A

deltiod is split

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19
Q

subacromial decompression - recovery time

A

quick
sling for 1-2 weeks

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20
Q

rotator cuff repair - small tear

A

<1 cm

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21
Q

rotator cuff repair - medium tear

A

1-3 cm

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22
Q

rotator cuff repair - large tear

A

3-5 cm

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23
Q

rotator cuff repair - massive

A

> 5 cm

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24
Q

rotator cuff repair - small partial thickness tear treatment

A

debridement

this is the only type of injury that can be fixed with this

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25
Q

shoulder stabilization - capular shoft procedure is performed when

A

presence of chronic should instabiity

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26
Q

shoulder stabilization - what is involved with the procedure

A

tightening of the joint capsule by cutting the capsule and overlapping the ends to reduce capsule redundancy

the portion of the capsule that is tightened depends on the area of instability

27
Q

what is the most common form od shoulder instability

A

anterior

28
Q

two disorders associated with anterior shoulder dislocation

A

bankart

hillsachs

29
Q

what is a bankart lesion

A

humerus is compressed against the labrum as happens anterior shoulder dislocations or subluxations

anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid labral

30
Q

what is a hillsachs lesion

A

osseous defect or “dent” of the postero-supero-lateral humeral head that occurs in association with anterior instability or dislocation of the glenohumeral joint.

31
Q

SLAP repair rehab - what should be avoided

A

contracting or stretching the biceps becasue the biceps insert into the superior larbumm

32
Q

hip ORIF - method used depends on

A

previous activity level

fx location

amount of displacement

33
Q

for proximal hip fracture what area are normally injured

A

femoral neck

intertrocahntieric region

34
Q

what can proximal fx lead to in the femur

A

cut off of blood supply leading AVN

35
Q

what muscle can be affects with a ORIF hip

A

TFL

glute med

vastuas lateralis

36
Q

what is a ORIF

A

open reduction and internal fixation

our surgeon will insert metal fasteners into your bone to hold the pieces together.

37
Q

what are signs of fixation failure

A

persistant thigh or groin pain

leg length discrepancy - not initially present

positioning of the limb in ER

trandelenburg that does not improve with strengthening

38
Q

what is a osteochrondral autograph transplantation

A

cart is retrieved from several non-weight bearing areas that form a plug for the osteochondral defect

39
Q

ACL reconstruction - performed on what pts

A

pt’s with a ACL tear that is causing pain and insatbility

40
Q

ACL reconstruction - autograft or allograftperfered

A

autograft

41
Q

what is a allograft

A

is tissue, cells, or an organ that is transplanted from one person to another who is not an identical twin

42
Q

what standard ACL grafting

A

bone-patellar tendon graft
b/c it uses bone to bone healing

43
Q

ACL repair - when is the brace unlocked

A

when the patient demonstrates quad control

44
Q

during what period of rehab is the graft material most vunerable

A

6-8 weeks after surgery

45
Q

what time is the graft mature

A

12-26 months

46
Q

what are some of the requirement to return to sport with a ACL injury

A

no pain

no effusion

full ROM

no instability

quad strength that is 85-90% of contralateral side

hamstring strength that is 90 -100% on contra side

functional testing that is 85-90% of opposite side

47
Q

meniscus injuries - two ways to surgically repair

A

partial menisectomy

men suturing

48
Q

partial men is used in what population

A

older person

tear is in 2/3 on men - where men healing is poor

49
Q

what is the procedure fro partial men

A

the torn pieces of the men is removed

50
Q

men suturing is used in what pop

A

young pop

tear is in out 3rd of the men

51
Q

when is lateral ankle reconstruction done

A

tear of anterior talofibular or the CFL or chronic ankle instability

52
Q

what are the two methods to repair the ankle

A

both use open approach

acute repair of the torn lig - sutured back together

harvesting of a autogrpah

53
Q

what autograph is often used of lateral ankle reconstruction

A

peroneus brevis

54
Q

why do we perform autograph reconstruction

A

when the original ligament cannot be repair due to deteration

55
Q

what is the progression of protective braces following lateral ankle instability recontruction

A

protective brace - NWB

walking boot - PWB>FWB

brace

56
Q

achilles tendon repair - how is the srugery perfromed

A

suture the tendon back together

sometime a graft is needed to augment missing tissue

57
Q

what is the progression of protective braces following achilles tendon repair

A

brace in PF

cast or boot - foot in neutral

58
Q

hip anterior lateral approach - precaution

A

ext

ER

add

59
Q

what are standard hip precuations - posterior lateral approach

A

no
IR

crossing the legs

flexion past 90

60
Q

what are the hip precautions for the direct lateral approach

A

hip flex >90

ext

ER

add

abd - if going through glute med

61
Q

what are the most popular options for ACL recontruction graft

A

patellar bone tendon

semitendinosis

gracilius

62
Q

achilles tendon when graft is commonly used

A

flexor hallucis longus

peronus brevis

plantaris

63
Q

what muscle do we go through for PL THR

A

the glute max

Basecamp: MSK (23 decks)

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