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Basecamp: MSK > Amputations and Prosthetics 3 > Flashcards

Amputations and Prosthetics 3 Flashcards

1
Q

lateral bending - pro cause

A

pro is too short lateral wall

improperly shaped lateral wall

high medial wall

pro algine in abd

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2
Q

lateral bending - amp cause

A

poor balance

abd contracture

short residual limb

weak hip abd

hypersensitive limb

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3
Q

abd gait - pro cause

A

prothesis is to long

high medial wall

pro positioned in abd

inadquate suspension + excessive knee friction

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4
Q

abd gait - amp cause

A

abd contrcuture

adductor roll

weake hip flexors and add

pain over the lateral residual limb

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5
Q

circumducted gait - pro cause

A

pro is too long

excessive PF

excessive knee friction

socket is too small

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6
Q

circumducted gait - amp cause

A

abd contructure

weake hip flexors

lacks confidence to flex the knee

painful anterior distal residual limb

inability to inciate prothestic knee flexion

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7
Q

excessive knee flexion during stance - pro cause

A

pro set forward in relation to the foot

excessive DF

stiff heel

pro too long

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8
Q

excessive knee flexion during stance - amp cause

A

knee flexion contracture

hip flexion contracture

pain ant in the resisdual limb

decrease in quad strength

poor balance

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9
Q

what sis vaulting

A

Non-prosthetic leg rises up on its toes during single-limb weight bearing.

This plantar flexion of the ankle helps to create ground clearance for the prosthetic leg

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10
Q

vaulting - pro cause

A

pro is too long

inadequate scocket suspension

excessive alginment stability

excessive PF

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11
Q

vaulting - amp cause

A

resdiual limb discomfort

improroer training

fear of stubbing toe

short resisdual limb

pain hip/residual limb

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12
Q

rotation of the forefoot at heel strike - pro cause

A

excessive toe out built in

loose fitting socket

inaquate suspension

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13
Q

what does sach stand for

A

solid ankle cushion heel

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14
Q

rotation of the forefoot at heel strike - amp cause

A

poor muscle control

bad training

weak medial rotators

shortvresiduaL LIMB

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15
Q

forward trunk flexion - pro cause

A

socket too big

poor suspension

knee instability

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16
Q

forward trunk flexion - amp cause

A

high flexion contracture

weak hip extensors

pain with ischial WB

inability to initiate pro knee flexion

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17
Q

medial or lateral heel whip - pro cause

A

excessive rot of the knee
tight socket fit

valgus in the pro knee

inproper alignment of the toe break

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18
Q

medial or lateral heel whip - amp cause

A

improper traiing

weak hip orotators

knee instability

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19
Q

what is an extension assist

A

a mechanism that assists the knee joint into extension during the swing phase of gait

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20
Q

what is myodesis

A

anchoring of the muscle tissue or tendons to the bone using suture and small holes through the bones

this is part of the amp closure process

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21
Q

myoelectric prothesis

A

a device using electric myography to control signals to control movements of the prothesis with surface electrodes or implantable wires

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22
Q

what is myoplasty

A

suturing the amp muscle flaps together over the flaps over the end of bone following an amp

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23
Q

what is pistoning

A

the translation of the prothetic limb from the residual limb

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24
Q

what is pistoning 2/2

A

inadquate suspension

and can result in distal residual limb issues

25
Q

what is a polycentric knee

A

a knee joint that has multiple axes of rotation

this allows for a more nautral gait cycle in comparison to a single axis knee

26
Q

what is a pylon

A

pipe like structure used to connect the socket of the prothesis to foot/ankle

the shank

27
Q

what does the pylon help with

A

shock absorption and weight distribution

28
Q

what is the residual limb

A

the limb left after amp

29
Q

what is a rotionalplasty

A

a portion of the limb is removed

while the remaining limb below is rotated and reattached

think of the foot/ankle as a knee joint

30
Q

what is a rotionalplasty normally performed for

A

distal femoral osteosarcoma

31
Q

what is osteosarcoma

A

a type of bone cancer

often starts in the long bones

32
Q

what is a shrinker

A

an elastic sleeve that is placed over the end of a residual limb to control edema and promote limb shapping

33
Q

what is stance control (safety)

A

a weight activated mechanism

maintain knee ext during stance even if the knee is not fully extended

when the knee is flexed more then the mechanism is made for the knee the mech will not engage

34
Q

what is suspension

A

used to decribe how the socket is attached to the resisdual limb

35
Q

what are common types of suspension

A

vacuum

shuttle shock

suction

waist belt

harness

36
Q

where should be the area of primary weight bearing ain a transtibial prothesis

A

patellar tendon

37
Q

is it possible to bear weight through the end of a transfemoral disarticulation

A

no - knee disarticualtion

38
Q

what is the most common level of UE amp

A

transradial

39
Q

what is a uncommon amp due to disadvantages

A

wrist disarticulation

40
Q

what is the most common cause of transhumeral injury

A

trauma

41
Q

what is lisfranc

A

disarticulation of the metatarsal or tarsal

42
Q

what is the least likely cause of LE amp

A

congential limb issue

5%

43
Q

what are the most common causes of LE amp

A

diabetes

Peri vascular disease

severe infection

44
Q

what are the most common cause of UE amp

A

trauma

Approximately 85% of all upper limb amputations result from trauma

45
Q

what is a ray resection

A

defined as the removal of a toe and all or part of the corresponding metatarsa

46
Q

what type of ray resection is the hardest to deal with

A

1st ray

47
Q

with hip disarticulation what mobility devices would the patient use

A

patient is most likely to forgo a prosthesis and opt for crutches for mobility following a hip disarticulation.

Many individuals find ambulation with a prosthesis at this level extremely challenging due to the high energy requirements of controlling three prosthetic joints.

48
Q

what is a long transtibial amputation

A

distal third of the lower extremity below the knee joint

49
Q

short transtibial amputation amp

A

refers to the surgical removal of the limb at the proximal third of the tibia.

50
Q

excessive knee flexion during stance phase

A

If the prosthetic foot is aligned into excessive dorsiflexion, there is potential for knee instability (buckling) during the loading response.

51
Q

what is the most important factor in determine whether someone is a candidate for a pro

A

prior level of function

52
Q

what is a unna boot

A

a compression bandage

An Unna boot has a special medicine in the gauze that will help heal burns or skin sores and protect new skin.

53
Q

what is the primary purpose of using a rigid dressing

A

They are primarily used for residual limb protection and edema contro

a plyon can also be attached for early amb

54
Q

what must be removed to wear an Elastic shrinkers

A

Due to the possible stress on the incision site, elastic shrinkers are not recommended until the sutures have been removed from the amputation site.

55
Q

what are elelastic shrinker used for

A

edema control and residual limb shaping

56
Q

wrapping the residual limb of a patient who has had a transtibial amputation what size of bandage should be used

A

2 4 inch bands

they should be wrapped in a figure 8 for limb shaping

57
Q

What is the primary area of the residual limb that is used for weight bearing in a transtibial knee prosthesis?

A

patella tendon

A patellar tendon bearing socket is the most common type of socket used by a patient with a transtibial amputation

58
Q

less tolerant - transtibial

A

distal end of the tibia, tibial tuberosity, and fibular head.

59
Q
A

Basecamp: MSK (23 decks)

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