Pain 1 Flashcards
what are nocireceptors
free nerve ending that are found in most tissue to repsond to thermo, chemical or mechanical changes
what do a-delta fibers transmit
detailed info quickly from peri cutaneous tissue
fast
pain signnals : sharp and localized
what a c-fibers
transmit info form deep tissues (joints, viscera)
slow
pain signals: dull, aching, and diffuse
what is gate control theory
how other stimulis help to decrease the sensation of pain
other stimuli are inhibiting the pain signal to the brain
what methods can we use to apply gate theory
massage and estim
working by stimulationg a-alpha and A-beta fibers (interneurons)
what are endogenous opiods in control of
endogenous opioids control pain regulation
how do endogenous opioids work
endophrins (example)
these substance bind to opioid receptors -> results in the inhibition of the pain signal
what is viscerogenic pain
pain thay results from the pathology of a internal organ
where is pain for viscerogenic pain
often at a site for from the source of pain
how is viscerogenic pain different from MSK pain
does not change with positioning
diffused poorly localized
accompanied by other systemic symptoms
myocardial infraction - referred pain location
left shoulder in C8 distrubtion
shoulder, back , neck, arm, or jaw
what is Kehr’s sign used for
a ruptured spleen
what is the procedure for a Kehr’s sign
pressure in the upper abd or supine postioning results in left shoulder pain
gallstones/gallbladder conditions referred pain
right upper abd and interscapular region
what is the mcgill pain questionnaire used for
used to establish a basedline, eval treatment regimes, and monitor progress
what is the numerical rating scale
used to measure the intensity of ones pain by eval it from 0-100
0 = no pain
100/10 = the worst pain you have ever had
what is the visual analog scale
linear pain rating scale - sliding scale
what is paget’s disease
disease of bone interferes with your body’s normal recycling process, in which new bone tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue.
what is allodynia
sensation of pain in response to a stimulus that would not typically produce pain
what is dyperalgesia
increased sensitivity to pain caused by a noxious stimulus.
how do we define chronic pain
pain that has been lasting for more then 3 months
or
pain that last longer than would expected of healing process
what is nociplastic pain
pain that is disportionate to the pain stimuli, non-mechanical, and unpredictable
what is neuropathic pain 2/2
lesion or disease of the PNS
what are some examples of neuropathic pain
carpal tunnel
spinal cord injury
what is nociceptive pain 2/2
injury
inflammation
mechanical irratation of non-neural tissue of the body
pain descriptions - vascular
pulsing
throbbing
pain descriptions - neurogenic
sharp
shooting
burning
pinching
stinging
itchy
pulling
electrical
pain descriptions - MSK
sore
aching
dull
heavy
cramping
pain descriptions - emotional
exhuasting
annoying
miserable
wong baker scale is used for what age groups
> 3 years old
