Pathology 10 - MSK Flashcards
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - what produces symptoms
rep overhead activities - impig of the supraspinatus
therefore the supra is not able to depress the humeral head
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - primary impig 2/2
intrinsic or extrinsic factors within the subacromial space
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - secondary impig 2/2
poor mechanics or insatbility at the GH
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - what tendon is most commonly involved
supraspinatus tendon
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - where does the supraspinatus insert
greater tubercle of the humerus
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - pop
overhead activities - swimming, tennis, baseball, painting
25-40
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - clinical presentation
difficulty with overhead activties
dull ache after period of inactivity
weak and pain with arc- 60-120-deg
pain at insertion of involved muscle
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - night
pain is normally increased at night - decreasing sleep time
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - what activties do patient have a hard time with
dressing
repative shoulder motions - lifting, throwing, swinging
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - imaging
MRI - not often used 2/2 high cost
X-ray - laterally rotated shoulder can be used to ID Ca depoists
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis - special test
yergason’s
speeds
empty can (jobes)
hakins and kennedy
what muscle are involved with Rotator Cuff Tendonitis
supraspinatus
long head of the biceps
subacromial bursa
glenoid labrum
what are analgesics
medications that relieve pain by either reducing inflammation or changing the way the brain perceives pain.
what is the difference between Acetaminophen and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Acetaminophen: raising your pain threshold—it will take a greater amount of pain for you to feel it.
NSAIDS: reduce inflammation. (ibuphrophen)
RC tear full and partial tear population
partial tear - younger pop
full tear - older pop
Scoliosis - what is the direction of the curve
lateral
can be associated with lordosis or kyphosis
Scoliosis - what zones of the back is the curve seen most often
thoracic or lumbar
Scoliosis - rot of the SP
rotated towards the concave side
Scoliosis - rid on the concave side
laterally and anteriorly
Scoliosis - rib on the vex side
pushed anterior and the thorcic cage narrowed
Scoliosis - vert body
towards vex side
Scoliosis - vert canal changes
narrowed on the convex side
Scoliosis - majority of cases present as what
idopathic - unknown cause
Scoliosis - subset classificatiosn
0-3: infantile
4 - puberty: juvenille
12 G, 14 B: adolesent
skeletal maturation: adult
Scoliosis - what is nonstructural scoli
reversible curve that can change with reposisitoning
non-progressive
Scoliosis - what is nonstructural scoli normally caused by
leg length discrepancy
poor posture
Scoliosis - what is structural scoli
cannot be corrected with movement and can be caused by congenital MSK and neuro reasons
Scoliosis - contributing factors to a structural scoli
development of the spine in utero
associate neuro disease - cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, congenitial defect of the vert
inheritance of a auto dominent trait
cerebral palsy what is it
a group of disorders that affect a person’s ability to move, balance, and maintain posture.
It’s caused by damage or abnormal development in the brain that occurs before, during, or after birth.
scoliosis - asymetries in the body
asym: shoulders, scpaula, pelvis, and skin folds
scoliosis - juvenile idopathic scoli presentation
4 - puberty
thoracic curve with vex towards the right
progression: rib hump post over the thoracic region on the vex side of the curve
no pain until curve has progressed
scoliosis - adolescent socli of greater the 30 deg is more common in what pop
women
scoliosis - do curves of <20 deg cause impairment
rarely
scoliosis - imaging
anterior and lateral view x-rays
with patient standing and bending
mRI - can be used to rule out other conditions
scoliosis - what method is used to determine the angle of the curvature
Cobb method
what conditions do we want to rule out in the presents of scoliosis
spondy
infection
neoplasm
disk herniation
compression fx
scoliosis - postural abnormality
increase in space between the trunk and the elbs during standing
leg length
uneven shoulders and hips
promience of one side of the pelvis
scoliosis - what does curve >60-deg lead to if untreated
pulmonary insufficiecy
pain
impact lung capcity
arthy
disc patho
scoliosis - estim used for
pain
biofeedback for proper posture
scoliosis - curve less then 25 exercises and intervention
should be monitored every 3 months
breathing exercises and stregthening
scoliosis - curve 25 - 40 exercises and intervention
spinal orthesis
PT for posture, strehtening, and breathing
scoliosis - curve >40-deg exercises and intervention
surgical spinal stablization
scoliosis - surgical methods to correct
posterior spinal fusion
spalization with a harrington rod
scoliosis - what does prognosis depend on
age of onset
severity of the curve
scoliosis - what results in the best outcome
early inntervention
scoliosis - when does the curve stop progressing
skeletal maturity
scoliosis - curve progression <40-deg at skeletal maturity
scoli does not progress sig
scoliosis - curve progression >50-deg at skeletal maturity
ongoing progression of the curve each year of life
scoliosis - neuromuscular scoli
development patho that result in alteration of the structure of the spine
EX: cerbral plasy, marfans
scoliosis - degenerative
normal aging progress
scoliosis - what type of scoli do we treat
structural - this does not chnage with lateral bending
scoliosis - is most common between what ages
10-13
scoliosis - more common in girls or boys
either - 10< curve
girls: curve >30
scoliosis - pain
no normally a result of the spinal curve but the abnormal forces placed on other tissued of the body because fo the curve
scoliosis - when is surgery indicated
> 40-deg curve
