Passive Forms

Question 1

√kṛ (karoti)

‘to do’

[passive]

Answer 1

kriyate

‘is done’

[after one consonant: root-final short-ṛ → ri]

Question 2

√āp (āpnoti)

‘to reach, get’

[passive]

Answer 2

āpyate

‘is reached, is gotten’

Question 3

√i (eti)

‘to go’

[passive]

Answer 3

īyate

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 4

√iṣ (icchati)

‘to wish, want’

[passive]

Answer 4

iṣyate

‘is wished, wanted’

Question 5

√krī (krīṇāti)

‘to buy’

[passive]

Answer 5

krīyate

‘is bought’

Question 6

√grah (gṛhṇāti)

‘to take, seize’

[passive]

Answer 6

gṛhyate

‘is taken, seized’

Question 7

√chid (chinatti)

‘to cut’

[passive]

Answer 7

chidyate

‘is cut’

Question 8

√ji (jayati)

‘to win, conquer’

[passive]

Answer 8

jīyate

‘is conquered’

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 9

√tyaj (tyajati)

‘to leave, abandon’

[passive]

Answer 9

tyajyate

‘is left, abandoned’

Question 10

√dah (dahati)

‘to burn’

[passive]

Answer 10

dahyate

‘is burnt’

Question 11

√diś (diśati)

‘to point, show’

[passive]

Answer 11

diśyate

‘is shown / is pointed towards’

Question 12

√dru (dravati)

‘to run’

[passive]

Answer 12

drūyate

‘is run’

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 13

√dviṣ (dveṣṭi)

‘to hate’

[passive]

Answer 13

dviṣyate

‘is hated’

Question 14

√dṛś (paśyati)

‘to see’

[passive]

Answer 14

dṛśyate

‘is seen’

Question 15

√nī (nayati)

‘to lead’

[passive]

Answer 15

nīyate

‘is led’

Question 16

√pac (pacati)

‘to cook’

[passive]

Answer 16

pacyate

‘is cooked’

Question 17

√pū (punāti)

‘to clean’

[passive]

Answer 17

pūyate

‘is cleaned’

Question 18

√prach (pṛcchati)

‘to ask’

[passive]

Answer 18

pṛcchyate

‘is asked’

Question 19

√badh/bandh (badhnāti)

‘to bind’

[passive]

Answer 19

badhyate

Question 20

√budh (bodhati)

‘to understand, awake’

[passive]

Answer 20

budhyate

‘is understood’

Question 21

√bhid (bhinatti)

‘to split’

[passive]

Answer 21

bhidyate

‘is split’

Question 22

√muc (muñcati)

‘to free’

[passive]

Answer 22

mucyate

‘is freed’

Question 23

√yaj (yajati)

‘offer, sacrifice’

[passive]

Answer 23

ijyate

‘is offered, sacrificed’

Question 24

√yuj (yunakti)

‘to link, join’

[passive]

Answer 24

yujyate

‘is linked, joined’

Question 25

√yudh (yudhyate) 'to fight' [passive]

Answer 25

yudhyate ‘is fought’ [identical to middle!]

Question 26

√rudh (ruṇaddhi) 'to obstruct' [passive]

Answer 26

rudhyate ‘is obstructed’

Question 27

√ruh (rohati) 'to climb' [passive]

Answer 27

ruhyate ‘is climbed’

Question 28

√labh (labhate) 'to find, take' [passive]

Answer 28

labhyate ‘is found, taken’

Question 29

√lup (lumpati) 'to take away' [passive]

Answer 29

lupyate ‘is taken away’

Question 30

√vac (vakti) 'to say' [passive]

Answer 30

ucyate ‘is said’ [active only Sg, no middle, passive all forms]

Question 31

√vas (vasati) 'to dwell, live in a place' [passive]

Answer 31

uṣyate

Question 32

√vid (vetti; vindati) ‘to know; to find’ [passive]

Answer 32

vidyate ‘is known; is found’

Question 33

√viś (viśati) 'to enter' [passive]

Answer 33

viśyate ‘is entered’

Question 34

√śru (śṛṇoti) 'to listen, hear' [passive]

Answer 34

śrūyate ‘is heard’ [root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 35

√sṛj (sṛjati) 'to surge, rise; send forth' [passive]

Answer 35

sṛjyate ‘is surged, risen; is sent forth’

Question 36

√spṛś (spṛśati) 'to touch' [passive]

Answer 36

spṛśyate ‘is touched’

Question 37

√dā (dadāti) ‘to give’ [passive]

Answer 37

dīyate ‘is given’ [root-final ā → ī (usually)]

Question 38

√bhṛ (bharati) ‘to carry’ [passive]

Answer 38

bhriyate ‘is carried’ [after one consonant: root-final short-ṛ → ri]

Question 39

√smṛ (smarati) ‘to remember’ [passive]

Answer 39

smaryate ‘is remembered’ [after two consonants: root-final short-ṛ → ar]

Question 40

√tṝ (tarati) ‘to cross’ [passive]

Answer 40

tīryate ‘is crossed’ [root-final long-ṝ → īr (ūr after labial)]