Passive Forms

Question 1

√kṛ (karoti)

‘to do’

[passive]

Answer 1

kriyate

‘is done’

[after one consonant: root-final short-ṛ → ri]

Question 2

√āp (āpnoti)

‘to reach, get’

[passive]

Answer 2

āpyate

‘is reached, is gotten’

Question 3

√i (eti)

‘to go’

[passive]

Answer 3

īyate

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 4

√iṣ (icchati)

‘to wish, want’

[passive]

Answer 4

iṣyate

‘is wished, wanted’

Question 5

√krī (krīṇāti)

‘to buy’

[passive]

Answer 5

krīyate

‘is bought’

Question 6

√grah (gṛhṇāti)

‘to take, seize’

[passive]

Answer 6

gṛhyate

‘is taken, seized’

Question 7

√chid (chinatti)

‘to cut’

[passive]

Answer 7

chidyate

‘is cut’

Question 8

√ji (jayati)

‘to win, conquer’

[passive]

Answer 8

jīyate

‘is conquered’

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 9

√tyaj (tyajati)

‘to leave, abandon’

[passive]

Answer 9

tyajyate

‘is left, abandoned’

Question 10

√dah (dahati)

‘to burn’

[passive]

Answer 10

dahyate

‘is burnt’

Question 11

√diś (diśati)

‘to point, show’

[passive]

Answer 11

diśyate

‘is shown / is pointed towards’

Question 12

√dru (dravati)

‘to run’

[passive]

Answer 12

drūyate

‘is run’

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 13

√dviṣ (dveṣṭi)

‘to hate’

[passive]

Answer 13

dviṣyate

‘is hated’

Question 14

√dṛś (paśyati)

‘to see’

[passive]

Answer 14

dṛśyate

‘is seen’

Question 15

√nī (nayati)

‘to lead’

[passive]

Answer 15

nīyate

‘is led’

Question 16

√pac (pacati)

‘to cook’

[passive]

Answer 16

pacyate

‘is cooked’

Question 17

√pū (punāti)

‘to clean’

[passive]

Answer 17

pūyate

‘is cleaned’

Question 18

√prach (pṛcchati)

‘to ask’

[passive]

Answer 18

pṛcchyate

‘is asked’

Question 19

√badh/bandh (badhnāti)

‘to bind’

[passive]

Answer 19

badhyate

Question 20

√budh (bodhati)

‘to understand, awake’

[passive]

Answer 20

budhyate

‘is understood’

Question 21

√bhid (bhinatti)

‘to split’

[passive]

Answer 21

bhidyate

‘is split’

Question 22

√muc (muñcati)

‘to free’

[passive]

Answer 22

mucyate

‘is freed’

Question 23

√yaj (yajati)

‘offer, sacrifice’

[passive]

Answer 23

ijyate

‘is offered, sacrificed’

Question 24

√yuj (yunakti)

‘to link, join’

[passive]

Answer 24

yujyate

‘is linked, joined’

Question 25

√yudh (yudhyate)

‘to fight’

[passive]

Answer 25

yudhyate

‘is fought’
[identical to middle!]

Question 26

√rudh (ruṇaddhi)

‘to obstruct’

[passive]

Answer 26

rudhyate

‘is obstructed’

Question 27

√ruh (rohati)

‘to climb’

[passive]

Answer 27

ruhyate

‘is climbed’

Question 28

√labh (labhate)

‘to find, take’

[passive]

Answer 28

labhyate

‘is found, taken’

Question 29

√lup (lumpati)

‘to take away’

[passive]

Answer 29

lupyate

‘is taken away’

Question 30

√vac (vakti)

‘to say’

[passive]

Answer 30

ucyate

‘is said’

[active only Sg, no middle, passive all forms]

Question 31

√vas (vasati)

‘to dwell, live in a place’

[passive]

Answer 31

uṣyate

Question 32

√vid (vetti; vindati)

‘to know; to find’

[passive]

Answer 32

vidyate

‘is known; is found’

Question 33

√viś (viśati)

‘to enter’

[passive]

Answer 33

viśyate

‘is entered’

Question 34

√śru (śṛṇoti)

‘to listen, hear’

[passive]

Answer 34

śrūyate

‘is heard’

[root-final i and u lengthened to ī and ū]

Question 35

√sṛj (sṛjati)

‘to surge, rise; send forth’

[passive]

Answer 35

sṛjyate

‘is surged, risen; is sent forth’

Question 36

√spṛś (spṛśati)

‘to touch’

[passive]

Answer 36

spṛśyate

‘is touched’

Question 37

√dā (dadāti)
‘to give’

[passive]

Answer 37

dīyate

‘is given’

[root-final ā → ī (usually)]

Question 38

√bhṛ (bharati)
‘to carry’
[passive]

Answer 38

bhriyate

‘is carried’
[after one consonant: root-final short-ṛ → ri]

Question 39

√smṛ (smarati)

‘to remember’

[passive]

Answer 39

smaryate

‘is remembered’

[after two consonants: root-final short-ṛ → ar]

Question 40

√tṝ (tarati)

‘to cross’

[passive]

Answer 40

tīryate

‘is crossed’

[root-final long-ṝ → īr (ūr after labial)]