Parasitology Exam-trematodes Flashcards
1
Q
Family Fasciolidae
A
- bile ducts and intestine of mammals
- leaf shaped, tegument w backward spines
- oral and ventral suckers
- digestive syst. With branched caeca
- vitelline glands in margin
- operculated eggs
2
Q
Fasciola hepatica, general
A
- in bile ducts of ruminants bla
- cephalic cone
- similar sized suckers
- tegument w spines
3
Q
Morphology of Fasciola hepatica
A
- highly branched intestinal caecum
- ramified testes, medially
- well dev. Cirrus and seminal vesicle
- ramified ovary, right side bf testes
- vitelline glands on lateral margins
- uterus anterior to testes
- large smooth eggs, operculated, unembryonated
4
Q
Life cycle of Fasciola hepatica
A
-indirect, 1 I.H
-Galba truncatula, aquatic snail
-eggs>miracidium>sporocyst
-sporocyst>5-20 rediae>15-20 cecariae (tail, no eye spots)
-in water vegetation cercariae>metacercariae
-metacercariae is ingested by D.H, excysts in duodenum>liver
-sexual maturation in bile ducts
Causes castration+gigantisms in Galba truncatula
5
Q
Fasciolides magna, general
A
- in liver sometimes lungs of dom. Animals and wild cervids
- no cephalic cone
- large
6
Q
Dicricoelium dentriticum, general
A
- bile duct and gallbladder of ruminants and others
- small, elongated body
- oral sucker smaller than ventral sucker
- vitelline glands in central margin
- non ramified caecum
- non hematophagus
- non aquatic life cycle (terrestrial snail I.H)
- viable eggs
- eggs have eye spots
7
Q
Life cycle of Dicrocoelium dendriticum
A
- two I.H, terrestrial snail and ants
- snail ingest eggs>miracidium>sporocysts>sporocyst2>cercariae
- cercariae leaves snail with slime
- ants ingest slime with cercariae>metacercariae
- change behavior of ant>ingested by herbivore
8
Q
Schistosomes, general
A
- elongated body
- suckers close to each other
- no pharynx, intestinal caecum unites in distal end
- sexual dimorphism
- male have gynecophoral canal
- smooth eggs, non operculated, spine
- s.bovis or s.mansoni (human)
9
Q
Schistosomiasis bovis
A
- in portal and mesenteric veins of cattle, not zoonotic
- armed suckers in male
- united intestinal branches always united in females
- clear eggs, non operculated, embryonated, terminal spine
10
Q
Life cycle of Schistosoma bovis
A
- eggs laid in mesenteric veins, pass to intestines=excreted w faeces, exclusion when contact with water
- miracidium penetrates snails>sporocysts>sporocyst2
- second gen. Sporocysts>furcocercaria leaving I.H
- active penetration of D.H skin/oral mucosa>schistosomules
- schistosomules mate in liver, go on to mesenteric veins
11
Q
Class trematoda, general morphology
A
- dorsoventrally flat body, non segmented, leaf shaped
- organs in parenchyma
- suckers, hooks or pincers
- mouth and digestive tract, no anus
- excretion through body pores
- branched excretory system=flame cells, excretory vesicles
- mainly hermaphrodites
12
Q
Subclass aspidibothrea
A
- large attachment organ=opisthaptor
- direct life cycle
- endoparasites of poikilotherms
13
Q
Subclass monogenea
A
- ectoparasites of skin/gills of poikilotherms
- can be in digestive tract, urinary bladder
- hematophagus
- 1-3 suckers surrounding mouth/prohaptor and posterior attachment organ/opisthaptor
- mono or poly- opisthocotylea depending on suckers
14
Q
Subclass diginea
A
- dorsoventrally flat body
- tegument w spines, organelles, sensory ciliated cells, “surface coat”
- oral and ventral sucker
- intestines dead-end branches
- adults have no sensorium organs, miracidium and cercariae have eye-spots
- mainly hermaphrodites
- cross fertilization or autofertlization
- some can undergo parthenogenesis
- eggs operculated and usually embryonated (expt schistosoma)
15
Q
General biological cycle of digenea
A
- inderect, I.H usually snails, D.H is vertebrates
- larval stages always contain egg, miracidium, sporocyst and cercariae
- larval stages may contain daughter sporocysts, redial, daughter redial, mesocercariae and metacercariae
- eggs may be operculated or not
- miracidium releases>sporocyst>rediae>cercariae>metacercariae
