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Second Year > Para Finals-protozoa > Flashcards

Para Finals-protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

Cytoskeleton

A
  • subpellicular tubules
  • axostyle
  • costa
  • polar rings
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2
Q

Movement structures

A
  • pseudopods
  • flagella
  • undulating membrane
  • cilia
  • subpellicular microtubules
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3
Q

Nutritionally related structures

A
  • pseudopods
  • cytostome
  • microcytostome/microspores
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4
Q

Respiration

A
  • aerobic= in mitochondria, hepatic or tissular parasites

- anaerobic= hydrogenosomes, digestive tract, genitalia, abscesses

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5
Q

Excretion and osmoregulation

A
  • simple diffusion
  • fecal vacuoles
  • contractile vacuoles
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6
Q

Reproduction

A
  • asexual= binary fission, multiple fission, budding
  • sexual= conjugation, syngamy
  • alternant/metagenesis= alternating sexual/asexual stages
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7
Q

Binary fission

A
  • symmetrogenic= longitudinal cleavage

- homotetogenic= transversal cleavage

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8
Q

Multiple fission

A
  • schizogony/merogony

- sporogony

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9
Q

Budding

A
  • internal

- external

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10
Q

Syngamy

A

Gamete fusion

  • isogamy= equal size
  • anisogamy= macro+microgamete
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11
Q

Conjugation

A

No individual fusion

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12
Q

Trophozoites

A

The invasive phase

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13
Q

Cysts

A

Resistant phase in environment

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14
Q

Genus Entamoeba general

A
  • zoonotic
  • transversal binary fission
  • cyst formation
  • pseudopods
  • trophozoites and cysts
  • differentiation by counting nuclei
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15
Q

Entamoeba species

A

E.histolytica- 4 nuclei, L.I of primate/human/dogs, bloody diarrhea
E.coli- 8 nuclei, canids/human
E.bovis- 1 nuclei, bovids
E.suis- 1 nuclei, swine
E.gallinarum- 8 nuclei, galliformes birds

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16
Q

Order Diplomonadida

A

Intestinal flagellates
-cytostome
-longitudinal binary fission
genus Giardia

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17
Q

Giardia

A
  • zoonotic
  • cysts w 4 nuclei
  • trophozoites w 8 flagella, piriformis, sucking disc
  • S.I of many hosts
  • travelers diarrhea
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18
Q

Order Trichomonadida

A

Tissue flagellates
-cytostome
-longitudinal binary fission
Genus Trichomonas and Tritrichomonas

19
Q

Trichomonas

A

-flagella and undulating membrane
-4 anterior flagella, one posterior
-no cysts
-not resistant to environment
T.gallinae- upper digestive tract of birds
T.blagburni- diarrhea in cats

20
Q

Tritrichomonas

A

-movement by flagella and undulating membrane
-4anterior flagella, one posterior
-no cyst formation
-not resistant in environment
T.foetus- abortion in cattle

21
Q

Order Kinetoplastida

A 
Hematic flagellates
-cytostome
-longitudinal binary fission
-flagella and undulating membrane
Genus Trypanosoma, Leishmania
22
Q

Trypanosoma

A
  • zoonotic
  • transmitted by triatomine bugs
  • flagella and undulating membrane
  • kinetoplast and kinetostome
  • epimastigote in invertebrate host
  • tripomastigote in vertebrate host
  • changes disease, sleeping sickness
23
Q

Leishmania

A
  • zoonotic
  • flagella and undulating membrane
  • kinetoplast and kinetostome
  • transmitted by Phlebotomus
  • promastigote in invertebrate host
  • amastigote in vertebrate host
24
Q

Order Trichostomatida

A

Ciliates

  • cytostome
  • cilia
  • transversal binary fission and conjugation
  • cyst formation
25
Q

Balantidium

A
  • zoonotic
  • cyst formation
  • kidney shaped nucleus in cyst
  • trophozoite w external layer of cilia
  • L.I of primates/humans/suits/rodents
  • watery diarrhea
26
Q

Suborder Eimeriorina

A

Coccidians
Intestinal apicomplexa
-subpellicular microtubules
-microcytostome
-binary fission, multi0le fission, sexual reproduction
Genus Eimeria, Isospora, Cryptosporidium, Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma, Neospora

27
Q

Eimeria

A
  • oocyte formula 4*2

- external sporulation

28
Q

Isospora

A
  • oocyst formula 2*4
  • external sporulation
  • diarrhea
29
Q

Cryptosporidium

A
  • zoonotic
  • oocyst formula 0*4
  • internal sporulation=schizogony, game Togo you, sporogony
  • hidden spores
  • sporulated oocyst in feces (4 free sporozoites)
  • S.I of young vertebrates
  • diarrhea
30
Q

Sarcocystis

A
  • oocyst formula 2*4
  • cysts in musculature of I.H=schizogony, micro/macrocysts
  • internal sporulation
  • gametogony and sporogony in D.H
  • S.I of carnivores
  • diarrhea
31
Q

Toxoplasma

A
  • zoonotic
  • oocyst formula 2*4
  • external sporulation
  • S.I of felids
  • all warm blooded animals are I.H
  • reproduction in intestine, released with feces
  • abortion in ruminants (1st time infected)
  • malformations
32
Q

Neospora

A
  • oocyst formula 2*4
  • S.I of dogs
  • cattle only I.H (abortions)
33
Q

Suborder Piroplasmorina

A 
Hematic apicomplexa
-subpellicular microtubules
-microcytostome 
-binary fission, multiple fission, sexual reproduction 
-pear shaped zoites
-no cysts
-transmission by hard ticks
-sexual reproduction inside ticks
Genus Babesia, Theleria
34
Q

Babesia

A
  • intraerythrocytic
  • 2-8 teardrop shaped merozoites
  • indirect L.C
  • sexual phase in iodide ticks (transovarial and trans stadial transm.)
  • asexual phase in vertebrates
  • canids and ruminants
  • anemia, jaundice
35
Q

Theleria

A
  • first in lymphocytes, then erythrocytes
  • obligated indirect L.C
  • gametogony and sporogony in ixodid ticks
  • schizogony/merogony in vertebrate lymphocytes
  • in dogs, horses, ruminants
36
Q

Suborder Haemosporina

A

Hematic apicomplexa
-subpellicular microtubules
-microcytostome
-binary fission, multiple fission, sexual reproduction
Genus Plasmidium, Haematoproteus, Leucocytozoon

37
Q

Plasmodium

A
  • anopheles vectors
  • obligated indirect L.C
  • gametogony+sporogony in vectors
  • schizogony/merogony in vertebrate hosts liver+erythrocytes
  • intraerythrocytic trophozoites in vertebrate host
  • malaria
38
Q

Haemoproteus

A
  • mosquitoes and Hippobosca are vectors
  • obligated indirect L.C
  • gametogony+sporogony in hippobosca
  • schizogony/merogony in birds
  • intraerythrocytic gametes
39
Q

Leucocytozoon

A
  • Diptera are vectors
  • obligated indirect L.C
  • gametogony+sporogony in vectors
  • schizogony/merogony in birds
  • intraerythrocytic gametes
40
Q

Amoebas

A

Entamoeba

41
Q

Ciliated

A

Balantidium

42
Q

Flagellates

A

Giardia
Trichomonas
Trypanosoma
Leishmania

43
Q

Intestinal Apicomplexa

A 
Eimeria
Isospora
Cryptosporidium
Sarcocystis
Toxoplasma
Neospora
44
Q

Hematic Apicomplexa

A 
Babesia
Theileria
Plasmodium
Haemoproteus
Leucocytozoon

Second Year (40 decks)

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