Parasitology Exam-insecta

Question 1

General characteristics

Answer 1

• antennae
• simple or complex eyes
• separation of head, thorax, abdomen
• May have wings
• adults have 3 pair of legs

Question 2

Order anoplura

Answer 2

Sucking lice

• no wings
• permanent parasites in mammals
• dorsoventrally flattened
• head narrower than thorax
• fused thoracic segments
• abdomen w sclerotized plates
• respiratory stoma in abdominal pleura
• tibial pad, tarsal claw
• biting suckling mouthparts
• hematophagus, solenophagus

Question 3

Biological cycle of Anoplura

Answer 3

Adults:
-male w penis and pointed posterior end
-female w gonopods, cementary glands
Egg:
-nits cemented to hair
-after exclosion>1,2,3rd nymphal stage>adults
Cycle completed in 21 days

Question 4

Anoplura, general of interest

Answer 4

Pthirus-crab louse
Pediculus- human
Haematopinus-swine, horse, cattle
Solenopotes-ruminants
Linognathus-dogs, cattle

Question 5

Order Mallophaga

Answer 5

Chewing lice
-low host specificity
-head wider than thorax
-permanent parasites of mammals (1 claw) and birds (2claws)
- feed on hairs, feathers, sebaceous glands, blood
-

Question 6

Mallophaga, genera of interest

Answer 6

Goniocotes and Columbicula-birds
Trichidectes-dog (I.H of Dipylidium caninum)
Felicola-cat
Bovicola-cattle

Question 7

Order Siphonaptera

Answer 7

Fleas

• laterally compressed body
• simple pigmented eyes
• no wings
• antennae in antennal groove
• parasites of mammals and birds
• hematophagus, solenophagus
• low host specificity
• survive 1 year w.o feeding
• eliminate fences when feeding=food to larvae
• inject saliva, can cause allergy

Question 8

Morphology of Siphonaptera

Answer 8

-May have genal ctenidium (ventral row of dark spines)
-antennae
-eyes
-mouthparts=Lacinia maxilar, maxilar palps, labrum, sawed maxilas, labium, labial palps
-thorax w 3 segments, may have pronotal ctenidium
-sensilium in abdomen
Differentiated by ctenidia

Question 9

Biological cycle of Siphonaptera

Answer 9

-copulate once, female have spermatheca
-oval/slippery eggs
-eggs>4 larval stages>pupa>adult
Holometabolous

Question 10

Vectors of…

Answer 10

Anoplura-exanthematic typhus (Pediculus)
Mallophaga- Dipylidium caninum (Trichodectes)
Siphonaptera- bubonic plague (xenopsylla), filaria and Dipylidium (Ctenocephalides)
Hemiptera- Trypanosoma (Triatoma)