Parasites Flashcards
Name three classes of parasites.
Helminths, arthropods and protozoa.
Which type of parasite is a one cell organism, can be free living or parasitic, and multiples in humans.
Protozea.
How is protozoa spread if it lives in the human intestine.
Faecal- oral route.
How is protozoa spread when it is found in the blood or tissue?
An arthropod vector.
What parasite is malaria caused by? And which of these is the most common?
Plasmodium.
P. Falciparum
What type of mosquito is the vector for plasmodium?
ANOPHELES mosquito.
What type of blood films show malaria parasites.
Thick and thin blood films.
What does the anopheles mosquito inject under in the skin in the spread of malaria?
Sporozoites.
Where do sporozoites mature? And what do they become?
Liver - Merozoites.
What parasite is amoebic dysentry cause by?
Entamoeba histolytica. - protozoa.
What does amoebic dystentry cause?
Cysts in stools
Liver abscess
Infections.
What can cause cutaneous (skin) and muco-cutaneous (mucosal ulceration) problems?
Leishmaniasis.
What does visceral leishmaniasis cause?
fever, weight loss and hepato-splenomegaly.
What is Leishmaniasis caused by?
Sandfly bites.
Name the three types of helminths.
Nematodes - round worms
Cestodes - tape worms
Trematodes - Flat worms
What causes pinworms found in bum?
Nematode - enterobiasis .
Where does the nematode ascarislumbricoides affect?
Eggs are injested and go to the intestine. Larvae moves to lungs. They develop and inhabit in small intestine.
Name two cestodes picked up by meat.
saginata - found in beef
Solium - found in pork.
What is the cestode echinococcus found in?
dog, fox, wolf faeces.
What is the most severe type of schistosomiasis called?
Japonicum.
in the process of schistosomiasis, what goes into water by urine by faeces - and injects into snails?
Miracadia.
Miracadia comes out of snail as what?
Cercaria.
where are schistosomes made?
Liver.
What does schistosomiasis cause?
Urine in blood.
Urinary cancer.
How can parasites be diagnosed?
1 - identify parasites in tissue / excretion
2 - ova can be seen in faeces by microscopy.
3- helminths are associated with eosinophilia and elevated IgE
