Antimicrobial chemotherapy -antifungals Flashcards
What type of anti fungal works by binding to ergosterol
polyenes
what are two types of polyene?
Amphotericin B
Nystatin
What do polyenes work against?
yeast and filamentous fungi
What is amphotericin B used for?
Serious fungal infection (IV)
Why are polyenes toxic?
Can bing to cholesterol found in humans - causes them to become toxic.
Side effects - renal, hepatic, cardiac toxicity.
How is nystatin applied?
Topical
What sub class of anti-fungal treatment works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol?
Azoles and Allyamines
What are older azoles called?
imidazoles
What are newer azoles called?
Triazoles
Name two imidazoles
ketoconazole
miconazoles
How are imidazoles administered?
Topically and orally
what do miconazoles work on?
internal and external infections, including yeast and dermatophytes (a type of filamentous fungus)
What does ketoconazole work on?
Topical infections
Name three triazoles.
Fluconazole,
Itraconazole,
Voriconazole
What do fluconazoles treat? and how?
Yeasts - orally and parentally
What do intraconazoles treat?
yeasts and filamentous fungi - including dermatophytes and aspergillus species
What does voriconazole treat?
Aspergillosis
Name a allyamine.
terbinafine
what do terbinafines treat?
primarily dermatophytes
How are terbinafines administered?
Mild infections - topically
Serious infections - parentally
They target a different stage of the synthetic pathway to azoles
what type of anti fungal works by inhibiting glucanpolysaccharide synthesis?
echinocandins
Name three types of echinocandins.
caspofungin
mycafungin
anidulafungin
What do echinocandins work on?
Fungicidal - candida species
and they inhibit the growth of several aspergillus species
What are echinocandins used for?
serious candida and aspergilus infections - based on specialist advice
