Pancreas Flashcards
Pancreas develops from…
The primitive foregut
Pancreas is a mixed 90% exocrine-10% endocrine gland that produces, what?
Digestive enzymes and hormones
Pancreas Acini (exocrine pancreas) Distinugishing Feature
centeroacinar cells in the center are the the same cell type as intercallated ducts (endpoint).
Pancreas Acinar Cells Exhibit marked polarity in their structure
-What are they?
- Centroacinar cells
- Intercalated Duct
- Lumen
Destinguishing factor of Exocrine Pancrease
Centroacinar Cells and absence of Striated ducts– DONT confuse with Salivary glands which DONT have these cells but have striated ducts
Each Acinar cell is capable of producing…
20 different enzymes or proenzymes (zymogens)
Cholecystokinin stimulates…
- enzyme secretion from pancreatic acinar cells
- Stimulates Contraction of Gall Bladder and relaxation of sphincter of Oddi
Secretin produced by duodenum targets centroacinar and intercalated duct cells to promote…
- Water and HCO3 secretion
- Secretin stimulates cholangiocytes to secrete water and bicarbonate into bile
Prevention of autodigestion in the pancreas
- Zymogen (inactive proenzyme)
- Membrane Bound-so not immediately available to digest
- Production of trypsin inhibitors copackaged in secretory granules
- Requires enterokinase activation in duodenum
Zymogens are inactive ….?
Proenzymes- they are inactive so that they dont immediately start digesting enzymes in the pancreas
Centroacinar and intercalated duct cells contribute to what?
A bicarbonate-rich (alkaline) fluid (pH>8)
A bicarbonate-rich fluid (pH>8) contributes to what?
Contributes to and carries pancreatic secretions from the acinar cells (sphincter oddi->duodenum)
Alpha Cells Function
Glucagon-Secreting cells-Secrete glucagon which INCREASE blood glucose level
Beta Cells-FUNCTION
Insulin- Secreting Cells secrete insulin which DECREASE blood glucose levels
Post translational changes occur in the…
RER and Golgi before the final insulin molecule is formed!
