Hematopoiesis Flashcards
Formed Elements in Blood
PIC
Hematopoiesis in Fetus
Ontogeny follows phylogeny
Phylogeny of Lymphoid Tissues in Vertebrates
PIC
Bone Marrow can be taken from bones to be tested for cancer– taken from where?
In Babies:
Shaft of Tibia
Adults:
Sternum, Vertebrae, Iliac Spine (Anterior/Superior)
Hematopoiesis
Process of blood cell production
Hematopoiesis: Hemocytoblast
Pluripotential stem cell-common precursor to all blood cell types
Hematopoiesis: Myeloid Stem Cell
Multipotential lineages-capable of self renewal
Hematopoiesis: megakaryocyte
form platelets/thrombocytes fragments of megakaryocytes
Hematopoiesis: monocytes
monocytes that leave blood become macrophages
Hematopoiesis: Lymphoid Stem Cells
multipotential lineages capable of self renewal
-Lymphocytes
T Lymphocytes: Cellular immunity
B Lymphocytes: Humoral Immunity
Red Bone Marrow
is active. Hematogenous (young)
Yellow Blood Marrow
Adipose cells (older) Has been replaced with fat cells
Vascularity of Bone Marrow
PIC
Hematopoietic Compartment:
- Stromal Cell (hematopoietic inductive microenvironment)
- Venous Sinusoids
(pic)
Structure of Bone Marrow: Endothelial Cell
Form a continour layer of interconnected cells lining the blood vessels. A basal lamina seperates endothelial cells from the branching stromal cell (PIC)
Structure of Bone Marrow: Granulocyte Progeny
Developing granulocytes are found adjacent to venous sinusoids. Mature grandulocytes leave the bone marrow by diapedesis
Structure of Bone Marrow: Stromal/Reticular Cell
Branching stromal cells form a ceullular network under endothelial lining. Stromal cells produce hematopoletic short-range regulatory meolecules induced by colony stimulating factors
Structure of Bone Marrow: Macrophage
Engulf nuclei ectruded from orthochromatic erythroblasts before their conversion to reticulocytes
Structure of Bone Marrow: Megakaryocyte
Discharges proplateles into the lumen thouhg an epithelial cell gap
Structure of Bone Marrow: Nutreint Arteriole
A branch of the nutrient artery is surrounded by hematopoietic cells
Bone Marrow is a reservoir of preserved DNA
Saber toothed tiger related to Clouded leopard (found by long lasting marrow over HUNDREDS of years)
What does erthropoietin stimulate?
Red blood cell mitosis
Stages of Erthropoiesis
PIC (4)
Normoblast characteristic
Nucleus pushed to the side
Reticulocyte
Nucleus is removed
____% of the RBC in blood are reticulocytes
1%
Granulopoiesis: Promomyelocyte
nonspecific granules- first azurophillic granules being secreted in golgi zone, developed golgi complex
Granulopoiesis: Myelocyte
Specific Granule: Moderate number of azurophilic granules and initial secretion of specific granules in golgi zone developed golgi complex
Granulopoiesis: Metamyelocyte
Lobulation begins
(IDENTIFY): abundant specific granules and few azurophillic granules
Granulopoiesis: Myeoblast
No cytoplasmic granules
Granulopoiesis: Band Neutrophil accumulation in blood shows….
bacterial infection
Thrombopoiesis
PIC
Lymphomas
Neoplasm of lymphoid system
Lymphomas: Hodgkin’s Disease
Characterized by the presence of giant Reed-Sternberd (RS) cells-5 subtypes
Lymphomas: Non-Hodgkins Lymphomas
12 B cell types, 12 T cell types
Leukemias
Neoplasm of Leukocytes and precursors
Leukemias: Acute
immature cells-progress rapidly
Leukemias: Chronic
More mature Cells -less aggressive
Myelogenous Leukemia
-primarily inolves bone marrow
-classified base on type of precursor cell
(erythrocyte, granulocytic, monocytic)
-Classified into
-Acute-Immature cells- rapid progression
- Chronic-more mature cells-less aggressive
- Tumor cells replace normal hematopoietic tissue
