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Histology > GI Tract > Flashcards

GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Structure of GI in small intestine

A

With glands and villi

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2
Q

Structure of GI in Colon

A

Glands only

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3
Q

Mucosa in Esophagus

A
  • Stratified squamous Non-Keratinized Epithelium
  • Muscularis Mucosa (smooth muscle)
  • Esophageal glands in sub-mucosa secrete mucous
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4
Q

Muscularis Externa in Esophagus

A
  • Proximal (toward middle of body) (upper) third of muscularis externa is skeletal muscle
  • Middle third of muscularis externa is both skeletal and smooth muscle
  • Distal (lower) third of muscularis externa is only smooth muscle
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5
Q

Mucous esophageal glands are in the…

A

Submucosa

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6
Q

Striated Skeletal muscle is in the…

A

Musclularis

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7
Q

Esophago-gastric Junction

A

At the junction of the esophagus and the cardiac region of the stomach there is an abrupt change in the lining mucosa from stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium which invaginates as gastric pits

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8
Q

Cardiac Stomach

A

The cardiac stomach is no more than 3 cm wide. From the gastric pits extend cardiac glands. the cardiac glands are coiled, tubular, branched lines by mucous columnar cells
(Gastric pits and cardiac glands. Secretes mostly mucus)

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9
Q

Body and Fundus Stomach

A

Gastric pits and gastric glands. The glands are branched tubular. Each gastric gland has an isthmus, neck, and base. The isthmus has mucous cells and a few parietal cells. The neck has mucous neck cells and parietal cells. The base has parietal cells and chief cells. Large mucosa and submucosa folds (rugae)

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10
Q

Rugae

A

Large mucosa and submucosa folds

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11
Q

Pyloric Stomach

A

Deeper gastric pits and short pyloric glands which are coiled tubular branched, Secretes mostly mucous.

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12
Q

Surface mucous cells in the Stomach Fundus & Body

A

Secrete protective mucous

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13
Q

Mucous Neck cells in the Stomach Fundus & Body

A

Mucous secretion

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14
Q

Parietal cells in the Stomach Fundus & Body

A

Secrete HCL and intrinsic factor

stain lightly

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15
Q

CHIEF OR ZYMOGENIC CELLS in the Stomach Fundus & Body

A

Secrete gastric lipase and precursor pepsinogen that is converted in the acid environment of the stomach to proteolytically active pepsin (stain darkly)

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16
Q

G Cells in the Stomach Fundus & Body

A

secrete the hormone gastrin

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17
Q

Enteroendocrine (argentaffin Cells) in the Stomach Fundus & Body

A

Secrete serotonin

18
Q

Duodenum Characteristics

A
  1. Villi on surface
  2. Short Crypts of Lieberkuhn (intestinal galnds)
  3. Long duodenal glands (Brunner’s glands; branched tubular) extend through submucosa
19
Q

Jejunum

A

Only Surface Villi and Crypts of Lieberkuhn

20
Q

Ileum

A

Surface Villi with crypts of Lieberkuhn, Lympathic nodules (peyers patches)

21
Q

Peyers Patches

A

Formed by Lymphatic Nodules

22
Q

Large Intestine (colon) Characteristics

A
  • Cecum with evaginated appendix
  • Ascending, transverse, descending colon
  • Sigmoid (pelvic colon)
  • Rectum
  • NO VILLI
  • Intestinal glands (tubular) goblet and absorptive cells
  • Taeniae Coli
23
Q

Taeniae Coli

A

Three outer longitudinal bands of smooth muscle

24
Q

Recto-Anal Junction

A

(PICS) Rectum lined by simple columnar epithelium and tubular glands changes to stratified squamous epithelium of anus

25
Q

What organs are in small intestine?

A
  • Dudenum
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
26
Q

General Structure of the GI Tract

A

half resembles the small intestine and the other half resembles the colon.

27
Q

Regions of the Stomach

A

Cardiac Stomach, Body and Fundus Stomach, Pyloric Stomach

28
Q

In Body and Fundus of the stomach, Gastric glands are ___

A

Branched tubular

29
Q

Each Gastric Gland has…

A

An

  • Isthmus-Has mucous cells and a few parietal cells
  • Neck- Has Mucous neck cells and parietal cells
  • Base-Has Parietal cells and chief cells
30
Q

Body & Fundus VS. Pyloric Stomach Glands

A

Body & Fundus Glands: Short gastric pits and long branched tubular glands

Pyloric Stomach Glands: Deeper gastric pits and short pyloric glands which are coiled tubular branched

31
Q

Stomach Parietal RESTING VS ACTIVE CELLS

A

In Resting- Tubulovesicles in the cytoplasm are seperate bu tin Active, they fuse together to form microvilli that fill up the inctracellular canaliculli

32
Q

Transition from the stomach to the intestine

A

Mucosa changes from gastric pits to intestinal villi. At the Junction, The thickened smooth muscle of the pyloric sphincter can be seen

33
Q

Small Intestine Structure

A

PICS

  • Glands
  • Vili
  • Crypts of Lieberluhn:
    • Goblet cells (musucs gland)
    • Renewal of cells
    • Smooth Muscle
    • Lymphocytes
    • Panneth Cells (has to do with lymphocytes)
  • Mitosis of vili needs to occur since number of cells are leaving
  • Stem cells at bottom of Gastric Pits are going to be moving upward as they reproduce.
34
Q

Stem Cell of Small Intestine can turn into…

A

Paneth Cell-Exocrine Cell
Goblet Cell-Protective Cell
Enteroendocrine Cell- Endocrine Cell
Enterocyte- Absorptive Cell

35
Q

Structure of Microvili in Small Intestine

A

PIC

  • Actin Filament
  • Fibrin
36
Q

Structure of Small Intestine Vessels & Nerves

A

Blood circulation, Lympathic Circulation, Innervation & Muscle System

37
Q

Intestinal Glands are also called

A

Crypts of Liekerkuhn

38
Q

Small VS Large Intestine

A

PIC

Large: Intestinal Crypts have no Villi (IMPORTANT), tenai colit

39
Q

The Appendix is invaginated in…

A

Large Intestine

40
Q

In large colon- why do the segments turn?

A

because of the positioning of liver and spleen- which cause they colon to turn

41
Q

The stomach deals w/ several harsh conditions that pass it and need to renew cells

A

Remember: theyre actively reniewing and non-keratinized so not as tough as skin- stem cells are located on surface levels and renewal is based on organ

Histology (23 decks)

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