PAEDS the vulnerable child

Question 1

describe the term safegaurding?

Answer 1

the action that is taken to promote the welfare of all children and young people and protect them from hard/ maltreatment

Question 2

list the forms of maltreatment?

Answer 2

physical
emotional
sexual abuse
neglect

Question 3

what is the dentists responsibility in regards to safegaurding and child protection?

Answer 3

follow local procedures involved in raising concerns about possible abuse and neglect of children

Question 4

what is child abuse and neglect?

Answer 4

anything which those entrusted with the care of children do, or fail to do, which damages their prospects of safe and healthy development into adulthood

Question 5

what are some contributing factors to child abuse?

Answer 5

adult: drugs, alcohol, poverty, mental illness, disability, step parents
child: crying, soiling, unwanted pregnancy, wrong gender
community. environmental: dwelling place and housing conditions
family violence

Question 6

what are 3 parenting factors which can most likely result in child abuse?

Answer 6

parental substance misuse
domestic abuse
parental mental ill health

Question 7

where are some common areas of accidental injury?

Answer 7

forehead
nose
chin
palm of hand
elbows
knees
shins
head injury (involving parietal bone, occiput or forehead)

*bony prominences, match history, in keeping with the development of the child

Question 8

what sites on the body would imply non-accidental injury?

Answer 8

ears (pinch marks)
‘triangle of safety’
inner arm
back and side of trunk over bony spine
black eyes
cheeks
intra-oral
forearms (raised to protect)
chest and abdomen
groin/ genital
inner thigh
soles of feet

*bilateral injury, soft tissue, particular pattern, doesnt fit explanation, delays in presentation, untreated injury

Question 9

what are the physical abuse final check list questions?

Answer 9

could the injury have been an accident and how?
does the explanation for injury fit the age and clinical findings?
if explanation fits, is this itself within normal acceptable limits of behaviour?
delay in seeking advice, good reason for this?

Question 10

what are the physical abuse final check list observations?

Answer 10

general demeanor of child
nature of the relationship between guardian and child
childs reaction to other people
reaction of the child to any medical or dental exam
comments by the child and or gaurdian that give concern about the childs upbringing/ lifestyle

Question 11

what does professional curiosity involve?

Answer 11

looking
listening
exploring
understanding

Question 12

list the legislative frameworks on child protection?

Answer 12

UNCRC Scotlands Act 2024
National Guidance for Child Protection Scotland 2021
Scottish approach - GIRFEC policy and practice model

Question 13

where is the triangle of safety?

Answer 13

ears, side of face, and neck, top of shoulders

Question 14

what is the aim of GIRFEC?

Answer 14

putting the child or young person at the centre

Question 15

name the sections of the SHANARRI wheel

Answer 15

Safe
healthy
achieving
nurtured
active
respected
responsible
included

Question 16

list types of vulnerable children?

Answer 16

under 5s
irregular attenders, repeated DNA, return in pain, exposed risks to GA
medical problems and disabilities

Question 17

what is a looked after child (LAC)?

Answer 17

children who are subject to compulsory measures of care by their local authority

children accommodated by the local authority on a voluntary basis, with consent of parents

may still be living in their own homes, in the care of relatives, in foster care, or living in residential establishments

Question 18

what is dental neglect defined as?

Answer 18

persistent failure to meet a CYPs basic oral health needs, likely to result in the serious impairment of their oral or general health/ development

Question 19

why does the number of carious teeth not indicate severity of ‘dental neglect’?

Answer 19

multi-factorial aetiology of dental caries
variation in individual susceptibility
inequalities in dental health
inequalities in access to dental tx
differences in tx philosophies

Question 20

what are ways to manage dental neglect?

Answer 20

preventative dental team response - raise concern with parent, offer support, set targets and monitor progress

preventative multi agency response - contacting other professions who you know are involved with the family

child protection refferal

Question 21

what are ACEs?

Answer 21

adverse childhood experiences
stressful or traumatic experiences that occur during childhood

Question 22

what do ACEs increase ones risk of?

Answer 22

heart disease
type 2 diabetes
mental illness
commit violence
prison

Question 23

what signs raise concerns of neglect?

Answer 23

dirty/ smelly clothes, skin or hair
child may be small/ failing to thrive with no explanation for this in their MH
atypical behaviour - anxious, watchful, aggression, hyperactivity, withdrawal
presentation of parent/ child

Question 24

if you have concerns about a childs welfare after discussing with experienced colleagues, who do you refer to?

Answer 24

social work
police
health/ education

Question 25

what are the 5 girfec questions?

Answer 25

what is getting in the way of this childs and young persons wellbeing?
do i have all the information i need to help this young child or young person?
what can i do now to help this child or young person?
what can my agency do to help this child or young person?
what additional help may be needed from others?

Question 26

what WNB pathway is used for children and young people up to their 1th birthday?

Answer 26

WNB-CYP

Question 27

what WNB pathway is followed for children whoa re the subject of a child protection plan or who are looked after?

Answer 27

WNB-CPP/LAC

Question 28

what WNB pathway is used for children receiving orthodontic assessment or treatment?

Answer 28

WNB-CYP-O

Question 29

what WNB pathway is used for vulnerable adults/ adults at risk?

Answer 29

WNB-VA

Question 30

Who are the local contacts regarding child protection?

Answer 30

paediatric consultant on call
lead person for child protection
social work including out of hours
police public protection unit - 101
child protection advice line