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Module 7 > ORAL PATH white lesions > Flashcards

ORAL PATH white lesions Flashcards

1
Q

what type of white lesion is a fordyce granule?

A

developmental - ectopic sebaceous glands

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2
Q

where do you commonly find fordyce granules?

A

lip and buccal mucosa

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3
Q

what is a risk factor for fordyce granules?

A

age

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4
Q

what type of white lesion is leukoedema?

A

normal variation - milky white colouration

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5
Q

what type of white lesions are white sponge naevus, pachyonychia congenita, and dyskeratosis congenita?

A

hereditary

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6
Q

what type of trauma can cause white lesions?

A

mechanical/ frictional
chemical
thermal

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7
Q

what type of white lesions are lichen plans and lupus erythematosus?

A

dermatological

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8
Q

what type of white lesions are candidosis, syphilitic leukoplakia, and oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

infective

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9
Q

what type of white lesions are leukoplakia and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia?

A

idiopathic

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10
Q

what type of white lesions are dysplastic lesions and SCCs?

A

neoplastic

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11
Q

describe white sponge naevus

A

ill-defined white patched with ‘shaggy’ surface
often bilateral

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12
Q

what areas can white sponge naevus affect?

A

any part of oral mucosa esp buccal mucosa
can also affect nose, oesophagus, and anogenital region

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13
Q

what causes white sponge naevus?

A

mutations in keratins 4 or 13

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14
Q

what is the treatment for white sponge naevus?

A

none required just explanation

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15
Q

what are the clinical features of oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

white, shaggy appearance on lateral tongue
asymptomatic
can affect other sites too

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16
Q

what is the cause of oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

EBV infection

also strongly associated with HIV infection

seen in immunocompromised and healthy pts

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17
Q

what is the treatment for oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

no treatment

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18
Q

describe frictional keratosis?

A

roughened white patch at site of chronic trauma

  • hyperkeratosis
  • prominent scarring fibrosis within submucosa
19
Q

what is the treatment for frictional keratosis?

A

should resolve when source of friction is removed

20
Q

what is lichen planus?

A

common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes

21
Q

what does lichen planus present with?

A

oral lesions in 50% of pts with skin lesions
buccal mucosa is most common site

22
Q

describe LP skin lesions

A

violaceous itchy papule which may have distinctive white streaks on the surface (Wickham’s striae)

23
Q

where is the most common site for LP skin lesions?

A

flexor surface of wrist

24
Q

how long do LP lesions last?

A

skin lesions develop slowly and 85% resolve within 18 months

oral lesions run chronic course, sometimes several years.

25
Q

describe LP oral lesions

A

spectrum of appearances
usually bilateral and often symmetrical

26
Q

what is the aetiology of lichen planus?

A

unknown
chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes

27
Q

what are the 6 difference appearances of LP?

A

reticular
atrophic
plaque-like
papular
erosive
bullous

28
Q

describe reticular LP?

A

most common
lace-like striae

29
Q

describe strophic LP

A

diffuse red lesions resembling erythroplakia

30
Q

describe plaque-like LP

A

white plaques resembling leukoplakia

31
Q

describe papular LP

A

small white papules which may coalesce

32
Q

describe erosive LP

A

extensive areas of shallow ulceration

33
Q

describe bullous LP

A

subepithelial bullae

34
Q

why are clinical findings very important when you think you see LP?

A

the histopathology of lichenoid reaction is similar to lichen planus

35
Q

what are LP histopathological features also seen in?

A

lichenoid reaction to drugs/ restorative materials
lupus erythematosus
graft vs host disease
lichenoid inflammation associated with dysplasia

36
Q

what is treatment for lichen planus ?

A

if symptomatic, options include steroids

37
Q

is lichen planus an oral potentially malignant disorder?

A

possible frequency of malignant change in LP is controversial but likely low

38
Q

what is leukoplakia?

A

a clinical term used to describe a white plaque of questionable risk after having excluded other known diseases

39
Q

is leukoplakia an OPMD?

A

risk of malignant transformation is low

40
Q

what is proliferative verrucous leukoplakia?

A

a clinical pathological variant of oral leukoplakia
it is multifocal, persistent and progressive with a high rate of recurrence, and a high risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma

41
Q

what are risk factors of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia?

A

older pts
F>M

42
Q

where would you find PVL?

A

gingiva
alveolar ridge
buccal mucosa
tongue
hard palate

43
Q

if PVL turns into cancer, what is it called?

A

verrucous carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma

Module 7 (52 decks)

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