ORTHO risks, benefits + IOTN Flashcards
What are the benefits of ortho tx?
aesthetics
straight teeth easier to clean
reduced risk of trauma
what are the risks of ortho tx?
demineralisation/ caries
relapse
length of tx
root resorption
pain/ discomfort
consequences of doing nothing
appliance breaking
failure to achieve desired tooth movements
gingivitis
ulceration
what does IOTN (or PAR) assess?
compares quality of orthodontic outcome before and after treatment
what is IOTN?
index of orthodontic treatment need
what are the 2 components to IOTN?
dental health component (DHC)
aesthetic component (AC)
how is the aesthetic components of IOTN measured?
10-point scale using a series of photographs
rating is allocated for overall attractiveness rather than specific similarity to photographs
what is the dental health component of IOTN?
it records various traits of the malocclusion that would increase the morbidity of the dentition
how is DHC scored?
grade 1, 2 - no or little need
grade 3 - borderline need
grade 4, 5 - need treatment
give examples of grade 5 scores for DHC?
large overjets
impacted teeth
cleft palate
what are the 2 aids which help us use IOTN?
MOCDO
IOTN ruler
what does MOCDO stand for?
missing
overjet
crossbite
displacement
overbite
give reasons for missing teeth?
ectopic (impeded eruption)
hypodontia (congenital absence)
what incisor classification results in an overjet?
class II div I
why is DHC recorded in a heirarchial scale?
only the most severe single worst occlusal trait is recorded
how is hypodontia scored in IOTN?
3rd molars excluded
one tooth in a quadrant = 4h
two or more teeth in a quadrant = 5h
how are retained deciduous teeth scored?
5i
(will most likely have an impacted permanent)
how is impaction/ impeded eruption scored?
5i
what measurement would score an overjet a 5a?
> 9mm
what measurement would score a reverse overjet 5m/4m? what differentiates between 5m and 4m?
> 3.5mm
depends if there are speech/ mastication difficulties
what type of crossbite scores 4c?
anterior crossbite or unilateral crossbite with mandibular displacement >2mm
what type of crossbite scores 4L?
scissors bite in one or both buccal segments
what symptom is common with an edge-edge occlsuion?
mandibular displacement
how is contact point displacement scored?
> 4mm = 4d
2-4mm = 3d
1mm but <2mm = 2d
*spacing not recorded
*displacements due to rotations not recorded
what teeth is overbite measured of?
lateral or central incisors
the largest vertical discrepancy is recorded
how are overbites scored?
traumatic overbite = 4f
deep and complete overbite = 3f
anterior open bite/ lateral open bite = 4e, 3e, 2f depending on size) *>4mm = 4e
list additional features that merit a score of 5 on the DHC of IOTN?
cleft lip and/or palate = 5p
submerging deciduous molar = 5s
what IOTN do hospital departments generally treat?
4 or 5
what is the use of indices in IOTN?
audit
research
prioritising treatment
NHS not funding cases with IOTN grades <3.6
