(P4) Resp. Patho: Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration) Flashcards
Identify slide :
Define:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/315/q_image_thumb.png?1613587699)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
-Lung congestion, distention of blood vessels in the lungs and filling of the alveoli with blood as a result of an infection, high blood pressure, or cardiac insufficiencies (i.e., inability of the heart to function adequately).
-Brown induration is fibrosis and hemosiderin pigmentation of the lungs due to long standing pulmonary congestion (chronic passive congestion). Occurs with mitral stenosis and left sided heart failure
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/315/a_image_thumb.png?1613587873)
Define:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/317/q_image_thumb.png?1613587897)
Chronic Congestion of the lung (brown induration)
- air filled space/edematous filled space
* 2. coat dust**
* 3. heart failure cells (macrophages phagocytize RBCs)** - Hyperemia and fibrosis of septa
- Chronic LVF
- Coal dust and hemosiderin in the heart failure cells
- pulmonary hypertension and right sided heart failure
- lung is brown and firm (macroscopic appearance)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/317/a_image_thumb.png?1613588038)
Identify:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/321/q_image_thumb.png?1613587988)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/321/a_image_thumb.png?1613588022)
Identify:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/330/q_image_thumb.png?1613588068)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/330/a_image_thumb.png?1613588090)
identify slide:
Q. What causes this lesion?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/333/q_image_thumb.png?1613588460)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
Pulmonary congestion is defined as accumulation of fluid in the lungs, resulting in impaired gas exchange and arterial hypoxemia.
Q:Chronic left ventricular failure – impairment of the exit of the blood from the lung
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/333/a_image_thumb.png?1613588873)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
Describe the causation of this condition:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/334/q_image_thumb.png?1613588910)
SECONDARY W/ LEFT HEART FAILURE
During this congestion-blood fills the alveoli then blood breaks down into hemosiderin-then Macrophages of lung eat the hemosiderin
” Hemosiderin Layden Macrophages” or Heart Failure Cells caused by the L-sided heart failure
(Alveolar septa thickens and cells with brownish pigments = Hemosiderin Layden Macrophages)
Heart failure cells (brown – hemosiderin)
What leads to LHF:
- *1.** Mitral stenosis
- *2.** Hypertrophy of left ventricle (seen in long term hypertension)
3. MI (chronic complications)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/334/a_image_thumb.png?1613589403)
Identify slide:
What happens in the Alveolar capillaries?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/336/q_image_thumb.png?1613589532)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
- Increased pressure in the alveolar capillaries
- Micro-hemorrhages into the alveoli. Red blood cells are phagocytosed by macrophages (heart failure cells).
(macrophages laden with hemosiderin)
- Macrophages laden with hemosiderin
- Fibrosis of the interstitial spaces of the lung
- Lung is brown and firm – brown induration
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/336/a_image_thumb.png?1613589558)
What is the consequence of this lesion/condition?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/340/q_image_thumb.png?1613589728)
Consequence of higher pressure in capillaries is pulmonary hypertension, which may lead to right sided heart failure
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/340/a_image_thumb.png?1613589835)
Describe Microscopy and identify the slide
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/344/q_image_thumb.png?1613589821)
- Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)*
- -Dilated capillaries w/in alveolar wall*
- -Acute → simple hyperemia, interstitial edema*
- -Thickened alveolar septa (fibrosis).*
- -Thickening of the membrane*
- -Fibrosis of septa*
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/344/a_image_thumb.png?1613589856)
Identify:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/345/q_image_thumb.png?1613590104)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/345/a_image_thumb.png?1613590143)
Identify:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/347/q_image_thumb.png?1613590175)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/347/a_image_thumb.png?1613590197)
Identify:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/348/q_image_thumb.png?1613672183)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/348/a_image_thumb.png?1613672230)
Identify
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/351/q_image_thumb.png?1613672257)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/351/a_image_thumb.png?1613672282)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
- What causes “Chronic LVF”*
- Mechanism*
- and*
- Cells involved during the process*
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/355/q_image_thumb.png?1613672411)
Chronic LVF
- impairment of the exit of the blood from the lungs Increased pressure in the alveolar capillaries
- Microhemorrhages into the alveoli, red blood cells are phagocytosed by macrophages (heart failure cells) (macrophages laden with hemosiderin)
identify slide:
Microscopic appearance:
Consequences of this lesion:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/357/q_image_thumb.png?1613672802)
Chronic congestion of the lung (brown induration)
- Fibrosis* of the interstitial spaces of the lung
- Lung is brown and firm* – brown induration
-Consequences of higher pressure in capillaries is pulmonary hypertension, which may lead to right heart failure.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/405/727/357/a_image_thumb.png?1613672829)