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Theriogenology > Ovulation, Luteinization, Luteolysis > Flashcards

Ovulation, Luteinization, Luteolysis Flashcards

1
Q

What is strange about when cows ovulate?

A

They ovulate AFTER estrus so you have a 12 hour window after they’re in heat.

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2
Q

What happens to the ovulated follicle after the oocyte leaves?

A

It collapses, fills with blood and becomes the corpus hemorrhagicum.

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3
Q

What is ovulation dependent on?

A

LH surge

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4
Q

What are the 2 phases of the estrous cycle in the luteal phase?

A

Metestrus

Diestrus

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5
Q

What are the 3 main events of the lutel phase?

A

Luteinization of follicular cells to luteal cells
Growth/development of a CL
Luteolysis

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6
Q

During luteinization, what do the granulosa cells become?

A

Large luteal cells

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7
Q

During luteinization, what do the theca interna cells become?

A

Small luteal cells

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8
Q

What cells of the CL produce progesterone?

A

Both large and small luteal cells

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9
Q

What other hormones are produced by the CL?

A

Oxytocin

Relaxin

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10
Q

What effect does progesterone have on the hypothalamus?

A

Negative feedback, stops preovulatory LH surge.

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11
Q

What effect does progesterone have on the anterior pituitary?

A

Negative feedback

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12
Q

What effect does progesterone have on the uterus?

A

Reduces myometrial tone to give room to grow.

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13
Q

What effect does progesterone have on the mammary glands?

A

Final alveolar development prior to parturition.

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14
Q

What is the luteolytic agent in domestic animals?

A

PGF2a

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15
Q

What is the source of PGF2a?

A

The uterine endometrium.

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16
Q

What is luteolysis essential for?

A

Return to new follicular phase.

17
Q

What is the pathway to luteolysis in ruminants?

A

Local countercurrent excahnge from ipsilateral uterine vein and ovarian artery.

18
Q

What is the pathway to luteolysis in horses?

A

Systemic pathway because horses are weird.

19
Q

What is the pathway to luteolysis in the sow?

A

A combo of countercurrent exchange and systemic.

20
Q

Why do you give a much lower dose of PGF2a to horses than you would to a cow?

A

Because horses will get colicky and crampy and sweat because of it’s systemic effects.

21
Q

What role does oxytocin play in luteolysis?

A

It helps to give uterine tone and expel things from the uterus.

Theriogenology (37 decks)

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