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Theriogenology > Male Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Where is sperm stored?

A

In the tail of the epididymis.

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2
Q

What provides metabolic substrate to the sperm?

A

Accessory sex glands

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3
Q

What are the 4 accessory sex glands?

A

Ampullae
Vesicular glands
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glands

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4
Q

What accessory sex gland is missing in the boar?

A

Ampullae

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5
Q

What 2 accessory sex glands are missing from the tom?

A

Ampullae and vesicular gland

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6
Q

What accessory sex glands are present in the dog?

A

Just a prostate

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7
Q

How is the temperature in the testis controlled?

A

Veins and arteries passing in close proximity in the pampiniform plexus allows heat exchange from the arteries to the cooler veins.

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8
Q

What does the spermatic cord contain?

A

Vasculature, lymphatics and neural connections and the cremaster muscle.

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9
Q

What 3 things occur in the excurrent duct system?

A

Final maturation of sperm
Storage
Delivery to pelvic urethra

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10
Q

What 3 structures comprise the excurrent duct system?

A

Efferent ducts
Epididymal duct
Ductus deferens

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11
Q

What is the seminal plasma?

A

Liquid, non-cellular portion of semen

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12
Q

What produces the seminal plasma?

A

The epididymus and the accessory sex glands

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13
Q

What are 2 major qualities of a fibroelastic penis?

A

Limited erectile tissue

Sigmoid flexure

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14
Q

What is the major characteristic of a musculovascular penis?

A

Large corporal sinusoids

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15
Q

What 3 species have a fibroelastic penis?

A

Bulls
Boars
Rams

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16
Q

What 3 species have a musculovascular penis?

A

Stallions
Dogs
Men

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17
Q

What is unique about a boar’s penis?

A

It’s corkescrew

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18
Q

What is unique about a ram and stallion penis?

A

The urethral process

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19
Q

What is unique about a dog’s penis?

A

The os penis

20
Q

What special feature does an alpaca penis have?

A

The cartilagenous process

21
Q

What does a cat penis have that no other species has?

A

Penile spines

22
Q

What are 3 endocrine requirements for spermatogenesis?

A

Enough GnRH
FSH and LH secretion from the anterior pituitary
Testosterone and estrogen

23
Q

What do the Leydig cells do (2 things)?

A

Have LH receptors

Produce progesterone/testosterone

24
Q

What do the Sertoli cells do (3 things)?

A

Have FSH receptors
Convert testosterone to estradiol
Produce inhibin

25
Q

What does LH do?

A

Stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone

26
Q

What does FSH do?

A

Stimulates Sertoli cells to begin spermatogenesis and convert testosterone to estradiol

27
Q

What systemic effect does testosterone have?

A

Negative feedback for GnRH (prolongs LH secretion)

28
Q

What does inhibin do?

A

Supresses FSH receptors on Sertoli cells

29
Q

What are the 4 stages of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatogonia
Primary Spermatophytes
Secondary Spermatophytes
Spermatids

30
Q

Where does spermatogensis take place?

A

In the seminiferous tubules

31
Q

How many spermatids can one spermatogonia produce?

A

Up to 256

32
Q

What is the differentiation phase?

A

When spermiogenesis occurs.

33
Q

What happens in the golgi phase?

A

Acrosomic vesicle formation

34
Q

What happens during the cap phase?

A

Acrosomic vesicle spreads over the nucleus

35
Q

What happens during the acrosomal phase?

A

Elongation of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

36
Q

What occurs during the maturation phase?

A

Final assembly to form a spermatozoon.

37
Q

What are the 4 parts that make up the differentiation phase?

A

Golgi Phase
Cap Phase
Acrosomal Phase
Maturation Phase

38
Q

What 3 things are in the head of a spermatozoa?

A

Nucleus
Acrosome
Postnuclear cap

39
Q

What 3 pieces make up the tail of a sperm?

A

Middle piece
Principal piece
Terminal piece

40
Q

Which piece of the tail contains the mitochondria?

A

The middle piece

41
Q

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a bull?

A

61 days

42
Q

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a ram?

A

47 days

43
Q

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a boar?

A

39 days

44
Q

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a stallion?

A

55 days

45
Q

What 3 hormones are released in pulses every few hours?

A

GnRH
LH
Testosterone

46
Q

What hormone is released in a pulse with a longer duration?

A

FSH

Theriogenology (37 decks)

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