ONCOLOGY breast cancer Flashcards
one has a 3-fold risk of getting breast cancer if a ____ degree relative had pre-menopausal breast cancer.
first degree
who is considered a first degree relative?
Mom, sister, daughter (immediate family)
Risk factors: High does of radiation to the thorax before age___ .
period onset before the age of___.
menopause after age___.
no____.
having your first baby at __years old or greater.
20
12
50
pregnancies (null parity)
30
S/S
3 changes in breast appearance___, ___ and ___.
you may feel a ___.
you may see___ coming from the breast
orange peel, dimpling, and retractions (tumor is inside pulling at the breast tissue)
- lump
- discharge
When doing a breast assessment, it is very important to assess the tail of spence. where is it located?
upper outer quadrant of the breast that extends to the axilla
where do 80% of breast tumors occur?
upper outer quadrant
After surgery for breast cancer, why is it important to check the patient’s back?
Blood may be draining to their back to the pillow or subcutaneously to the back and form a pouch of blood in the tissue
When a patient has a drain and the drain suddenly has an increase in fluid or suddenly changes color, is this a red flag?
yes
You wanna elevate the arm on the___ side after a surgery
affected; in order to decrease swelling because a portion of the lymphatic system has been removed.
(ELEVATE THE AFFECTED ARM FOR IT TO DRAIN and out them on their non-affected side to promote drainage)
Affected side/arm care: What should this patient avoid doing on this side?
- no constriction (no watch..etc!)
- no BP cuffs
- no injections
- no IVs
- no nail biting
- no purse carrying on that arm
(TREAT IT AS IF THERE IS A FISTULA IN PLACE)
Affected side/arm care: what can this patient do to promote new or colateral circulation?
*also to prevent frozen shoulder syndrome*
- brush hair
- squeeze tennis balls
- wall climbing
- flex and extend elbows
what are the 2 functions of the lymphatic system?
Fights infection and promotes drainage
