ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis)

Question 1

3 reasons why a patient may experience DKA

Answer 1

• infection
• illness
• skipping insulin

Question 2

dka may be the first sign of___

Answer 2

diabetes melitis

Question 3

the patho behind DKA?

Answer 3

not enough insulin causes BG to build up in the blood stream. Since the cells aren’t getting the glucose, they break down fat. and fat break down produces ketone acids.

Question 4

A patient comes into the ER with kussmaul’s respirations. suspect what?

when this patient becomes more acidodic, expect ___ LOC.

Answer 4

DKA

DECREASED

Question 5

When we give IV insulin, we need to monitor for ____ and ___. why?

They need to be on what?

Answer 5

hypoglycemia and hypokalemia.

insulin decreases glucose and potassium (makes them both go up into the cell from the vascular space)

continous ECG

Question 6

we wanna monitor what?

Answer 6

urinary output & ABG (metabollic acidosis)

Question 7

IV FLUIDS GIVEN ALONG WITH THE INSULIN:

We wanna start with ____ , then when the blood sugar gets down around 300, we switch to___. why?

The M.D will anticipate adding___ to the IV solution at some point.

Answer 7

• Normal saline (isotonic… will also increase their blood pressure due to fluid loss from the polyuria)
• D5W
• we want to prevent throwing the patient into hypoglycemia
• potassium