CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Flow & Cardiac output Flashcards
Preload is the___
The volume of blood that is in the ventricle at the end of diastole. • The amount/ volume of blood that was just in the left ventricle after that rest period, it’s called preload.
___ Is the first and largest artery in your body.
The aorta
Right sided heart failure means that the blood is not___
moving forward into the lungs
If the blood is not moving forward into the lungs (during right sided heart failure) where is it going instead?
backwards into the venous system
Left sided heart failure happens when the blood is not___
moving forward into the aorta and out to the rest of the body
If the blood doesn’t go out through the aorta & to the rest of the body (in left sided heart failure) then where does it end up?
going backwards back into the lungs (since it’s coming from the lungs and have been oxygenated there)
* signs & symptoms are based on pulmonary issues and oxygen issues *
Cardiac output (CO)= ____ X____ Cardiac output is dependent on what 3 things?
heart rate X strove volume
preload, afterload, and contractility
If your heart is weak, what will happen to your cardiac output?
will you perfuse your brain?
what will happen to LOC?
heart perfused?
what will they complain of?
skin perfused?
how will it feel?
what happens to the lungs?
how will they sound?
what will happen to the peripheral pulses?
kidneys perfused?
what will happen to urine output?
- decreased cardiac output
- no; decreased LOC
- NO; chest pain
- no; cold and clammy
- blood backed up to lungs= wet lungs
- decreased or absent
- no; decreased U.O
When you think about cardiac output, think____ ventricle
left ventricle;
how much blood that left ventricle is pumping out to the body.
Ex) your heart rate suddenly drops to 30. what will happen to C.O?
BP?
why?
- decreased CO
- decreased BP (initially decrease, but increase later due to compensatory mechanisms)
- Less volume= less pressure
what if your heart rate suddenly jumped up to 250 (extreme tachycardia) . what will happen to C.O?
- Decreased because the ventricles don’t have time to fill.
Arrhythmias are no big whoop until they affect____
the 3 main arrhythmia we have to worry about are___. why?
the cardiac output
v.tach, v.fib, and assystole
. because you do not have any cardiac output
If you EVER want to call a doctor about an arrhythmia, what do they really want to know about?
the signs and symptoms of a decreased cardiac output
