Oncology

Question 1

Alcohol plus tobacco are____ They have a ____ effect with each other

Answer 1

co-carcinogenics synergistic (they speed up the chance of developing certain types of cancer)

Question 2

Tobacco is the #1 cause of ____ cancer

Answer 2

preventable cancer

Question 3

How does a low fiber diet increase your chances of cancer?

Answer 3

Low fiber= slower GI motility= the carcinogenics/ chemicals in the food stay in your GI for a longer amount of time

Question 4

low____ in diet increased ____meat increased____ fat –

Nitrites in lunch meats.

alcohol preservatives and ; additives are all____

Answer 4

fiber red animal all dietary causes of cancer

Question 5

why is there an increased incidence of cancer in the immunosuppressed?

The older you get, the ____ your immune system becomes. which is why if you’re > 60, your chances of getting cancer increases.

Answer 5

they don’t have the ability to fight off these “natural” cancer cells, so these cells just thrive

lower

Question 6

The most IMPORTANT risk factor for cancer is____. WHY?

Answer 6

AGING The older cells tend to have more mutations. The DNA becomes affected. Also, the older you are, the more exposure you’ve had to environmental factors like carcinogens.

Question 7

Cruciferous vegetables… give 3 examples:

Vitamin A foods…

ex: Vitamin C Can all what?

Answer 7

Broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage Colored vegies (red bell pepper, carrots, squash) anything with a lot of color to it. can all decrease your risk of cancer

Question 8

African American have a ____ incidence than caucasians of getting cancer

Answer 8

greater

Question 9

_____ prevention= ways to prevent actual occurence of anything.

____ prevention= screenings to pick up on any signs of the disease

Answer 9

primary

secondary

Question 10

Chronic___ brings about uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

Answer 10

irritation

Example, if you have a mole in a spot that’s constantly being rubbed by your clothing.

Question 11

what are the 7 warning signs of cancer?

Answer 11

1- change in the bowel or bladder habits

2- a sore that just won’t heal

3- unusual bleeding or discharge

4- thickening or a lump in the breast (or elsewhere)

5- indigestion or difficulty swallowing

6- obvious change in a wart or mole

7- nagging cough or hoarseness (7 warning signs of cancer)

Question 12

What are the 2 main signs that cancer has invaded the bone marrow?

Answer 12

anemia and thrombocytopenia

Question 13

Anytime you see anemia in a patient, think___ first

Answer 13

hypoxia

Question 14

Anytime you see thrombocytopenia, think___ first

Answer 14

bleeding

Question 15

extreme/severe waisting and malnutrition is termed___

Answer 15

cachexia (when someone is just wasting away from their cancer… seen close to the point of death)