ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Type 1 Diabetes Melitis

Question 1

Type 1 DM usually starts during___

The first sign may be____

Answer 1

Childhood

DKA

Question 2

Explain the patho of type 1 DM

Answer 2

• Your body needs to have insulin in order for glucose/sugar to enter the cell
• since there isn’t any insulin, the glucose just builds up in the vascular space (blood stream)
• so, the cells are not getting the glucose and are now starving.
• the cells get sooo hungry for glucose, they start breaking down protein and fat for energy
• when you break down fats, you get ketone acids
• Now this person starts experiencing metabolic acidosis

Question 3

Hyperglycemia= 3p’s

Answer 3

1- polyuria (with accompanied weight loss)

2- polydypsia

3- polyphasia

Question 4

polyuria can lead to ____. How?

Answer 4

Shock; the body is trying to get rid of the extra sugar in the vascular space and it bring water out with it because it has to go through the kidneys. SO, you’re also losing water.

Question 5

Explain why they get polyphagic:

Answer 5

Since their brain cells are not getting the glucose, the body is trying to compensate by making the patient eat more.

Question 6

explain polydypsia:

Answer 6

they’re losing volume because the body is trying to get rid of the excess sugar.

Question 7

Glucotrol
Micronase
Diabeta

are all____.

will they work in this patient? why?

Answer 7

Oral hypoglycemic agents

-no
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin on its own. To treat type 1, you must restore the proper amount of insulin—either by taking insulin (through injection or inhalation), or by receiving a transplant, either of an entire pancreas or of specialized pancreas cells, called islet cells. Type 1 cannot be treated with oral medications.

Oral hypoglycemics cause a release in the pancreatic B-cells and this won’t work on type 1 DM because the body can’t produce its own insulin to begin with… if a type 1 dm patient took this, there would be no insulin secretion from the cell