[OLD] Biological Molecules - Water Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemical formula of water

A

H2O

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2
Q

What is a polar molecule?

A

A molecule with areas of positive and negative electrical charge

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3
Q

Is water a polar or non-polar molecule?

A

Polar

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4
Q

What charge do the hydrogens have?

A

A small positive charge

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5
Q

What charge does the oxygen have?

A

A small negative charge

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6
Q

How do hydrogen bonds form between water molecules

A

The positive end of one water molecules attracts to the negative end of another, the attraction forming a weak H bond

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7
Q

Are the H bonds in water between 2 different water molecules or within a water molecule?

A

Between 2 different water molecule

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8
Q

What are the bonds joining the 2 hydrogen and single oxygen atoms in water?

A

Covalent bonds

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9
Q

Why does water have thermal stability?

A

It has high melting and boiling points as more heat energy has to be provided to break the H bonds

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10
Q

Why is the thermal stability of water important?

A

Temperature changes of large bodies of water are minimised, leading to a more stable environment. Easier for organisms to maintain constant body temp for enzyme activity.
Evaporation can be used to refer,one a lot of heat energy from animal’s skin to cool it e.g sweating, panting, elephants splashing themselves with water.

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11
Q

What makes water molecules cohere?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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12
Q

Why is cohesion in water important?

A

So water can move up the xylem and pond skaters can stay on the waters surface

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13
Q

Why is water a liquid at room temperature and pressure?

A

Hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together

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14
Q

What do the polar ends of water’s moe,clues allow it to do?

A

Bond to other polar molecules, breaking them up and dissolving them

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15
Q

Why do icebergs float?

A

Ice is less dense than water, as in ice H bonds form a lattice in which the water molecules are actually spaced further apart than on liquid water.

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16
Q

Why is the density of water important?

A

Icebergs can float giving a habitat to polar bears.

When a pond freezes, the ice floats, forming an insulating layer at the top and preventing the pond from freezing solid.

17
Q

What is water a reactant in?

A

Chemical reactions e.g photosynthesis and hydrolysis reactions

18
Q

Why is water transparent?

A

Small particle size

19
Q

Why is it important that water is transparent?

A

It allows the use of sight in aquatic organisms