[OLD] Biological Molecules - ATP Flashcards

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1
Q

What does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosine TriPhosphate

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2
Q

What does ATP consist of?

A

Adenine (nitrogenous base)
Ribose (5 carbon sugar (pentose)
3 phosphate groups (PO4-)

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3
Q

How does ATP become ADP?

A

ATP loses a phosphate group by hydrolysis

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4
Q

What does ADP stand for?

A

Adenosine DiPhosphate

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5
Q

What happens when ATP loses a phosphate group to become ADP?

A

Energy is released as the bond is broken

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6
Q

What happens to the energy released when ATP becomes ADP?

A

It can be used by the cell for other purposes e.g active transport, moving vesicles, making cilia waft/beat, constructing large polymer molecules etc

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7
Q

How can ATP be regenerated from ADP?

A

By adding a phosphate molecule back onto it

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8
Q

What do you need to regenerate ATP from ADP?

A

The chemical energy provided by the food you eat

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9
Q

Give 3 ways in which the properties of ATP make it a suitable supply of energy in biological processes

A

It releases energy is small, manageable amounts appropriate for the uses of the cell.
It is made quickly and easily through a one step reaction.
It is soluble so can move around inside a cell easily without leaving the cell.

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10
Q

What’s a simple equation to show how ATP is synthesised from ADP

A

ADP + phosphate group -> ATP

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