Genetics and Populations - Populations and Evolution: Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Allele frequency

A

The number of times an allele occurs within a gene pool.

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2
Q

Allopatric speciation

A

Speciation that occurs when biological population of the same species become geographically isolated form each other.

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3
Q

Directional selection

A

Selection for one extreme phenotype.

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4
Q

Disruptive selection

A

Selection favouring individuals with extreme phenotypes

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5
Q

Gene pool

A

All the alleles of all the genes of a population of a species.

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6
Q

Genetic drift

A

The change in allele frequencies that doesn’t depend on selective pressures.

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7
Q

Isolation

A

When part of the population of a species becomes separated into a different environment from the main population.

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8
Q

Mutation

A

A change in the DNA of an organisms that is heritable.

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9
Q

Stabilising selection

A

Selection against the extreme phenotypes.

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10
Q

Sympatric speciation

A

Speciation that occurs within a population in the same area as a result of reproductive isolation.

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11
Q

Selective pressure

A

A factor that drives selection.

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12
Q

Species

A

A group of organisms that share a common gene pool, so are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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13
Q

Hybridisation

A

A cross between different species.

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14
Q

Immigration

A

The movement of new individuals into an existing population.

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15
Q

Emigration

A

The movement of organisms from one area to another, resulting in the loss of individuals from a population.

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16
Q

Differential selection

A

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17
Q

Evolution

A

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18
Q

Natural selection

A

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19
Q

Selective advantage

A

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20
Q

Discontinuous variation

A

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21
Q

Continuous variation

A

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